Nepinnotheres villosulus (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) [Guérin-Méneville, 1829–1837] [type locality: Timor] and Nepinnotheres edwardsi (De Man, 1887) [type locality: Mergui Archipelago], as currently understood, are both reportedly widespread in Southeast Asia and northern Australia, and unique in the genus in having females densely covered by a setal tomentum that completely obscures the surfaces of the carapace and pereiopods. Based on the limited information contained in the type accounts, N. edwardsi and N. villosulus appear indistinguishable, but this cannot currently be confirmed by comparing type material because the holotype of N. villosulus, the senior name, is lost. A neotype is therefore designated for N. villosulus to fix its identity and taxonomic status as a senior synonym of N. edwardsi. In addition to the unique setation pattern of female N. villosulus, males of the species also present important differences from those of male Nepinnotheres sensu stricto. Pinnotheres trichopus Tesch, 1918 [type locality: Elat, Great Kei Island, Indonesia], is also shown to be a junior synonym of P. villosulus. Moreover, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses determined that N. villosulus is phylogenetically distant from Nepinnotheres sensu stricto. As such, we establish a new genus for N. villosulus.

PAPUA NIUGINI

PANGLAO 2004

AURORA 2007, BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 3, BATHUS 4, BOA0, BOA1, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, CORINDON 2, EBISCO, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 6, MUSORSTOM 8, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SANTO 2006, TAIWAN 2000, TAIWAN 2001, TAIWAN 2002, TAIWAN 2003, TAIWAN 2004

The cyclodorippoid crabs from the Philippines collected by the PANGLAO 2004-2005 and AURORA 2007 expeditions are reported. Five species of Cyclodorippidae are reported: Corycodus mina x sp. nov., Ketamia depressa (Ihle, 1916), Krangalangia spinosa (Zarenkov, 1970), Tymolus brucei Tavares, 1991, and Xeinostoma sakaii Tavares, 1993. Corycodus minax is the second species of the genus to be recorded from the Philippines and is most similar to C. merweae Tavares, 1993, from South Africa. Krangalangia spinosa is reported for the first time from the Philippines. Sexual dimorphism in the length of the walking legs (pereopods 2 and 3) is reported for Tymolus brucei and may be a general feature of cyclodorippoids. One new species of Cymonomidae, Cymonomus liui sp. nov., is also reported, and is most similar to C. curvirostris Sakai, 1965, from Japan. Crown Copyright 2011 Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

AURORA 2007, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

The stomatopods of the superfamilies Eurysquilloidea Manning, 1977, Gonodactyloidea Giesbrecht, 1910, and Lysiosquilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910, collected by the AURORA 2007 Expedition to the northern Philippines, are reported. The collection comprises six species arrayed in five genera and three families. Although small, the collection is significant in including a new species, Raysquilla holthuisi sp. nov. (Eurysquillidae), and the first specimens of Sinosquilla hispida Liu & Wang, 1978 (Eurysquillidae) and Kasim philippinensis (Moosa, 1986) (Tetrasquillidae) to be reported since their original description.

AURORA 2007

Stomatopod Crustacea of the superfamily Squilloidea collected primarily by the Philippine AURORA expedition are reported. One family, nine genera and 15 species are reported, of which one genus and two species are new to science. The new genus, Triasquilla n. gen., comprising two new species, belongs to the “Meiosquilla” group within Squillidae and is most closely allied to Schmittius Manning, 1972, from the eastern Pacific and Squilloides Manning, 1968, from the Indo-West Pacific. Anchisquilla fasciaticauda Liu & Wang, 1998, Cloridina chlorida (Brooks, 1886), Harpiosquilla sinensis Liu & Wang, 1998, Neclorida miersi (Manning, 1968) and Quollastria ornata (Manning, 1971) are reported from the Philippines for the first time. The study is supplemented by additional material of the new species described herein collected from various Indo-West Pacific localities by other deep-sea expeditions to the Philippines, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga and Western Australia.

AURORA 2007, BATHUS 4, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 8, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SANTO 2006

Cymonomid crabs are small cryptic deep-water brachyurans occurring worldwide. Six species have been reported from East Asia: one from both Taiwan and Japan (C. andamanicus Alcock, 1905) and five from Japan only (C. curvirostris Sakai, 1965, C. japonicus Balss, 1922, C. sagamiensis Sakai, 1983, C. soela Ahyong and Brown, 2003, C. umitakae Takeda, 1981). Cymonomus curvirostris, C. japonicus, C. sagamiensis and C. umitakae were described from Japanese waters, but C. andamanicus and C. soela have much more distant type localities - the Andaman Sea and southeastern Australia, respectively. We review all previous records of Cymonomus from East Asia, describe two new species, and clarify the status of records of C. andamanicus and C. soela from the region. Records of C. andamanicus and C. soela from East Asia are referable to two new species occurring in both Taiwan and Japan. The identities of C. japonicus and C. sagamiensis are fixed by neotype selection; C. sagamiensis is made a junior objective synonym of C. umitakae. Six species of Cymonomus are now recorded from Japan, of which two also occur off Taiwan. We also report on cymonomids collected by Taiwanese research vessels in the South China Sea (Dongsha and Macclesfield Bank) of which four species were collected, including C. hakuhoae Takeda and Moosa, 1990, not previously found in Japan or Taiwan. A key to the species of Cymonomus from East Asia and the South China Sea is included.

AURORA 2007, DongSha 2014, NanHai 2014, PANGLAO 2005, TAIWAN 2000, TAIWAN 2001, TAIWAN 2003, ZhongSha 2015

The spiny spider crab, Samadinia pulchra (Miers in Tizard, Moseley, Buchanan & Murray, 1885) (type locality: Bohol Sea, Philippines) has long been considered to be widespread in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean, with Anamathia livermorii Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, described from the Andaman Sea, in its synonymy. Reassessment of Samadinia pulchra from throughout its purported range indicates that it comprises a complex of three species: S. pulchra sensu stricto, occurring in the northwestern Pacific, from the South China Sea to Japan; S. livermorii, occurring in the Indian Ocean, ranging from southwestern Indonesia to East Africa; and a new species, S. jimlowryi sp. nov., ranging from northwestern Australia to southeastern Indonesia.

BENTHEDI, BIOMAGLO, KARUBAR, MAINBAZA, PANGLAO 2004

The spiny spider crab, Samadinia pulchra (Miers in Tizard, Moseley, Buchanan & Murray, 1885) (type locality: Bohol Sea, Philippines) has long been considered to be widespread in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean, with Anamathia livermorii Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, described from the Andaman Sea, in its synonymy. Reassessment of Samadinia pulchra from throughout its purported range indicates that it comprises a complex of three species: S. pulchra sensu stricto, occurring in the northwestern Pacific, from the South China Sea to Japan; S. livermorii, occurring in the Indian Ocean, ranging from southwestern Indonesia to East Africa; and a new species, S. jimlowryi sp. nov., ranging from northwestern Australia to southeastern Indonesia.

BENTHEDI, BIOMAGLO, KARUBAR, MAINBAZA, PANGLAO 2005

PANGLAO 2004

During the recent Taiwan TAIWAN and the Philippines PANGLAO 2005 and AURORA deep-sea expeditions, many specimens of nematocarcinid shrimp were collected. Altogether three genera and 13 species are identified: Nigmatullinus acanthitelsonis (Pequegnat, 1970), Segonzackomaius altus (Bate, 1888), Nematocarcinus chacei Burukovsky, 2002, N. combensis Burukovsky, 2000, N. crosnieri Burukovsky, 2000, N. gracilis Bate, 1888, N. productus Bate, 1888, N. rectirostris Burukovsky, 1991, N. richeri Burukovsky, 2000, N. subtegulisfactus Burukovsky, 2000, N. subtilis Burukovsky, 2000, N. tenuipes Bate, 1888 and N. tenuirostris Bate, 1888. Amongst them, S. altus, N. chacei and N. crosnieri are the second records since their original descriptions. Moreover, two genera and 11 species are new records for Taiwan while two species are new Philippine records. Diagnoses for the family, subfamilies, and genera and a key to all species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 are given. Colour photographs of 10 species are also provided. The studied area was subdivided into northern and southern subareas. The northern area includes the waters around Taiwan (21°18’-25°22’N and 117°17’-123°01’E), and the southern area the waters of the Philippines (08°33’-16°06’N and 121°30’-124°10’E). Five species occur in both subareas. A comparison of the present data with the known data on the nematocarcinid shrimp fauna of the Indo-Malay area or East Indies Triangle (i.e. the centre of species diversity of shrimps of family Nematocarcinidae) revealed that the area between Taiwan and the northern Philippines is an ecotone, with a transitional nematocarcinid shrimp fauna between the fauna of the East Indies Triangle and the typical Indo-West-Pacific fauna.

AURORA 2007, PANGLAO 2005, TAIWAN 2000, TAIWAN 2001, TAIWAN 2002

A revision of the family Trapeziidae Miers, 1886, has shown that it consists of three clades, one of which is elevated to family status, Tetraliidae fam. nov., for the genera Tetralia Dana, 1851, and Tetraloides Galil, 1986. The genera Trapezia Latreille, 1828, Calocarcinus Calman, 1909, Hexagonalia Galil, 1986, Philippicarcinus Garth & Kim, 1983, Quadrella Dana, 1851, and Sphenomerides Rathbun, 1897, remain in the Trapeziidae; Domecia Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842, Jonesius Sankarankutty, 1962, Maldivia Borradaile, 1902, Palmyria Galil & Takeda, 1986, and the fossil genus Eomaldivia Muller & Collins, 1991, in Domeciidae Ortmann, 1893. Cladistic analysis shows that Trapeziidae sensu Miers, 1886, consists of three clades that show convergence as a result of similar habits as symbionts of reef corals and other cnidarians. A list of all recognised genera and species in the three families and their primary synonyms is provided. Keys are also included for four families of Brachyura symbiotic with reef corals, and for the genera and species of Domeciidae, Tetraliidae, and Trapeziidae. Some rare colour figures are reproduced. Three name changes have resulted within the Tetraliidae: Cancer glaberrimus Herbst, 1790, for Tetralia fulva Serene, 1984, and Cancer mutus Linnaeus, 1758, for Tetralia armata Dana, 1852, and Tetralia vanninii Galil & Clark, 1988. Nomenclatural problems associated with the repeated use of "forma typica" for various species of Trapezia and Tetralia are resolved. To stabilise the nomenclature of a number of well-known species, neotypes are designated for 13 species of Trapeziidae for which type material is not extant: Trapezia cymodoce ( Herbst, 1801), and its three synonyms ( Trapezia dentifrons Latreille, 1828, Trapezia dentata var. subintegra Dana, 1852, Trapezia cymodoce var. ornatus Chen, 1933); Trapezia bidentata (Forskal, 1775), and one of its synonyms ( Trapezia ferruginea Latreille, 1828); Trapezia digitalis Latreille, 1828, and one of its synonyms ( Trapezia nigrofusca Stimpson, 1858); Trapezia septata Dana, 1852, and one of its synonyms ( Trapezia reticulata Stimpson, 1858); Trapezia areolata Dana, 1852; Trapezia bella Dana, 1852; and Trapezia speciosa Dana, 1852. Neotypes are also designated for seven species of Tetraliidae: Tetralia glaberrima ( Herbst, 1790), and three synonyms ( Trapezia integra Latreille, 1828, Trapezia serratifrons Jacquinot, 1846, Tetralia laevissima Stimpson, 1858); Tetralia muta ( Linnaeus, 1758), and one of its synonyms (Tetralia armata Dana, 1852); and Tetraloides nigrifrons ( Dana, 1852).

KARUBAR, MUSORSTOM 2

BIOCAL, BIOGEOCAL, BOA1, KARUBAR, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 8, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SANTO 2006

LAGON, MD32 (REUNION), PANGLAO 2004

A new genus and species of goneplacid crab are described from the Loyalty Islands and Fiji in the western Pacific. The new genus can be distinguished from the other 17 genera of the Goneplacidae sensu stricto by a carapace that lacks anterolateral teeth together with moderately long orbits and eye peduncles.

BORDAU 1, MUSORSTOM 6

The family Euryplacidae Stimpson, 1871, traditionally included in the Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838, is revised based on the examination of the type material of many of its species as well as unidentified and previously identified material from around the world. The revised family now consists of 31 species (including five that are described as new) belonging to 13 genera (including four that are described as new): Eucrate De Haan, 1835, with eight species, of which one is new; Euryplax Stimpson, 1859, with two species; Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, with three species; Henicoplax n. gen., with five species of which three are new; Heteroplax Stimpson, 1858, monotypic; Machaerus Leach, 1818, with two species; Nancyplax Lemaitre, Garcia-Gomez, von Sternberg & Campos, 2001, monotypic; Platyozius Borradaile, 1902, monotypic; Psopheticoides Sakai, 1969, monotypic; Systroplax n. gen., monotypic; Trissoplax n. gen., with two species, of which one is new; Trizocarcinus Rathbun, 1914, with two species; Villoplax n. gen., monotypic; and Xenocrate Ng & Castro, 2007, monotypic. The genus Platyozius and Eucrate formosensis Sakai, 1974, are removed from the synonymy of Eucrate and E. alcocki Serene, in Serene & Lohavanijaya, 1973, respectively. Neotypes are selected for Heteroplax dentata Stimpson, 1858, and Pilumnoplax sulcatifrons Stimpson, 1858, two species described from Hong Kong that have a confusing taxonomic history. A neotype is also selected for Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859, described from the Florida Keys. Seven nominal species described by other authors were found to be junior subjective synonyms for other species: Eucrate affinis Haswell, 1882, E. costata Yang & Sun 1979, E. haswelli Campbell 1969, and Pseudorhombila sulcatifrons var. australiensis Miers, 1884, of Trissoplax dentata (Stimpson, 1858); Galene laevimanus (Lucas, in Jacquinot & Lucas, 1853) of Eucrate dorsalis (White, 1849); Heteroplax nagasakiensis Sakai, 1934, of H. transversa Stimpson, 1858; and Pilumnoplax sulcatifrons Stimpson, 1858, of Eucrate crenata (De Haan, 1835). Eight euryplacid genera are exclusively found in the Indo-West Pacific region (except one species introduced in the Mediterranean), one is exclusive to each the Eastern Atlantic and Tropical Eastern Pacific regions, three to the Western Atlantic region, and one genus has both Western Atlantic and Tropical Eastern Pacific species.

BOA1, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, CORAIL 2, LAGON, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 8, NORFOLK 2, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SANTO 2006, SMCB

Two new species of Singhaplax Serène & Soh, 1976, are described based on material from central Philippines and the Solomon Islands. They are superficially similar to congeners as well as species of Microgoneplax Castro, 2007, but can be differentiated from them and each other by their G 1 structures. The present study brings the known number of Singhaplax species to 10. A key to the species of Singhaplax is provided.

PANGLAO 2004, SALOMON 2

Material, mostly deep-water, belonging to eight families of brachyuran crabs are listed from the MAINBAZA, MIRIKI, and ATIMO VATAE expeditions to the Mozambique Channel and northwestern and southern Madagascar. A new species of Ethusa Roux, 1830 (Ethusidae), unique for its vivid colouration and collection in shallow water 13-22 m deep, is described from southern Madagascar. Sphenomerides trapezoides (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891) (Trapeziidae) is for the first time recorded from a host, a sponge, and the presence of mucus-gathering setae are for the first time demonstrated in this rarely collected species. A neotype for Dorippe sexdentata Stimpson, 1858 (Ethusidae) is designated to stabilise the taxonomy of the species. The male and the vulva of Ethusa machaera Castro, 2005, and the vulva of E. sexdentata (Stimpson, 1858) are described for the first time. Five species are new records for Madagascar: Crossotonotus spinipes (De Man, 1888) (Crossotonotidae); Carcinoplax ischurodous (Stebbing, 1923), Goneplax clevai Guinot & Castro, 2007, and Ommatocarcinus pulcher Barnard, 1950 (Goneplacidae); and Pseudopalicus sexlobatus (Kensley, 1969) (Palicidae); while Ethusina somalica (Doflein, 1904) (Ethusidae) is a new record for the southwestern Indian Ocean.

ATIMO VATAE, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY

Two new Oxynaspis species associated with antipatharian corals are described from the AURORA expedition in the Philippines and from Taiwan waters. Oxynaspis auroraensis n. sp. was collected from the Philippines at more than 500 m depth and belongs to the fully armored group of Oxynaspis. The umbo of the carina of O. auroraensis n. sp. is located in a proximal position with the carinal distal arm about 3.5 times longer than the basal arm. Such a position is diagnostic, distinguishing this species from all previously described Oxynaspis species. Oxynaspis biradius n. sp. was collected from Taiwanese waters at 20-30 m depth and belongs to the reduced scutum group of Oxynaspis. The morphology of O. biradius n. sp. is close to that of O. joankovenae Van Syoc & Delkelboum, 2011, but differs in having two distinct white rays on the scutum and a more pointed tergal spur. From molecular analysis in the sequence divergence of the 12S and COI region, O. auroraensis n. sp. and O. biradius n. sp. form distinct monophyletic clades and the interspecific divergence suggests that these two species are distinct.

AURORA 2007

PANGLAO 2004

Recent French deep-sea expeditions in the Indo-West Pacific resulted in the collection of abundant material of the deep-sea lobster genus Puerulus Ortmann, 1897 (Palinuridae). Difficulties in identification necessitated a generic revision and as a result, five new species are described, all of which are similar to P. angulatus (Bate, 1888). Puerulus angulatus was thought to have a wide distribution from eastern Africa to Marquesas Islands, but is now restricted to the western Pacific, from Japan to Australia. Of the five new species, P. gibbosus n. sp. is found in eastern Africa, P. mesodontus n. sp. from Japan to Fiji, P. richeri n. sp. from the New Caledonia to Marquesas Islands, while P. sericus n. sp. and P. quadridentis n. sp. mainly occur around New Caledonia. Of the other three previously described species, the distribution of P. velutinus Holthuis, 1963, is extended to Fiji, while P. sewelli Ramadan, 1938, and P. carinatus Borradaile, 1910, are still only known from the northern and western parts of the Indian Ocean, respectively. COI gene sequence differences support the morphological species distinctions.

AURORA 2007, AZTEQUE, BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 3, BATHUS 4, BENTHEDI, BERYX 11, BERYX 2, BIOCAL, BIOPAPUA, BOA0, BOA1, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, CHALCAL 1, CHALCAL 2, Restreint, EBISCO, EXBODI, HALIPRO 1, KARUBAR, LITHIST, MAINBAZA, Restreint, MIRIKY, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 6, MUSORSTOM 7, MUSORSTOM 8, MUSORSTOM 9, NORFOLK 1, NORFOLK 2, PALEO-SURPRISE, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006, SMCB, SMIB 1, SMIB 2, SMIB 4, SMIB 8, TAIWAN 2001, TARASOC, TERRASSES, VAUBAN 1978-1979, VOLSMAR

The genus Rhabdonotus A. Milne Edwards, 1879, is revised. The identity of Rhabdonotus pictus A. Milne Edwards, 1879, is clarified. A specimen from Singapore is designated as the simultaneous neotype of Rhabdonotus pictus A. Milne Edwards, 1879, and its junior synonym, Caphyra archeri Walker, 1887. Two new species, Rhabdonotus pilipes and Rhadonotus xynon, are described. A key to the three species is provided. The first zoeal stage of R. pictus A. Milne Edwards, 1879, is also described for the first time.

MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 8

The eumedonid genera Eumedonus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 and Gonatonotus White, 1847, are revised. Members of both genera are obligate symbionts with sea urchins. Eumedonus is separated from Gonatonotus mainly by the presence or absence of crests on the merus of the ambulatory legs. Eumedonus , as here defined, contains five species, viz. E. niger H. Milne Edwards, 1834 ( type species), E. vicinus Rathbun, 1918, E. zebra Alcock, 1895, E. brevirhynchus n. sp., and E. intermedius n. sp. Gonatonotus, as here re-diagnosed, includes three species, viz. G. pentagonus White, 1847 ( type species), G. granulosus (MacGilchrist, 1905), n. comb. And G. nasutus n. sp.

CHALCAL 1, CORAIL 2, CORINDON 2, LAGON, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 8, SMIB 5

SANTO 2006

After a discussion of the valid publication date of the genus Intesius Guinot Richer de Forges, 1981 and of the structure of the male abdomen in this genus, new samples of L pilosus Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981 are recorded from the Philippines and a new species, Intesius richeri n. sp., is described, based on a specimen from New Caledonian waters. The latter can be distinguished from the two other species of the genus by its more rectangular carapace, a less developed pilosity (particularly on the walking legs), and the second male pleopods ending in a very slender tubular part. Two other specimens, from Guam, are described under the name I lucius n. sp. They are very close to I. crosnieri Davie, 1998, known by a single specimen, but differ mainly by slightly longer, more slender and less pilose walking legs.

NORFOLK 1

The genus Peronia Fleming, 1822 includes all the onchidiid slugs with dorsal gills. Its taxonomy is revised for the first time based on a large collection of fresh material from the entire Indo-West Pacific, from South Africa to Hawaii. Nine species are supported by mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) sequences as well as comparative anatomy. All types available were examined and the nomenclatural status of each existing name in the genus is addressed. Of 31 Peronia species-group names available, 27 are regarded as invalid (twenty-one synonyms, sixteen of which are new, five nomina dubia , and one homonym), and four as valid: Peronia peronii (Cuvier, 1804), Peronia verruculata (Cuvier, 1830), Peronia platei (Hoffmann, 1928), and Peronia madagascariensis (Labbé, 1934a). Five new species names are created: P. griffithsi Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. , P. okinawensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. , P. setoensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. , P. sydneyensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. , and P. willani Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. Peronia species are cryptic externally but can be distinguished using internal characters, with the exception of P. platei and P. setoensis . The anatomy of most species is described in detail here for the first time. All the secondary literature is commented on and historical specimens from museum collections were also examined to better establish species distributions. The genus Peronia includes two species that are widespread across the Indo-West Pacific ( P. verruculata and P. peronii ) as well as endemic species: P. okinawensis and P. setoensis are endemic to Japan, and P. willani is endemic to Northern Territory, Australia. Many new geographical records are provided, as well as a key to the species using morphological traits.

KAVIENG 2014, PAPUA NIUGINI

The taxonomy of majid spider crabs collected from recent southwest Indian Ocean cruises belonging to Eurynome Leach, 1814, and allied genera is treated. Eurynome longimana Stimpson, 1857, long synonymised with the European E. aspera (Pennant, 1777), is here recognised as a distinct species. Stimpson’s (1857) species can be distinguished by the armature of granules on the third maxilliped, proportions and armature of the ambulatory merus, relatively shorter ambulatory dactylus, structure of the male sternopleonal cavity and relative proportions of the male first gonopod. The composition of Choniognathus Rathbun, 1932, is discussed and the type species, C. koreensis Rathbun, 1932, is figured. One species, C. verhoeffi (Balss, 1929), is not considered to be a member of Choniognathus and its taxonomy is discussed. A new spinose species, C. spinosus, is also described. Seiitaoides Griffin & Tranter, 1986, is revised, and two new species, S. mirabilis and S. kabuto, are described and compared with S. orientalis (Sakai, 1961) and S. stimpsoni (Miers, 1884). The poorly known Eurynome elegans Stebbing, 1921 is rediscovered, its taxonomy clarified and the species is shown to belong to Kasagia Richer de Forges & Ng, 2007. A second species of Kasagia, K. sudhakari Padate, Manjebrayakath & Ng, 2019, recently described from the Arabian Sea is recorded from southwest Indian Ocean.

BIOMAGLO, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, PANGLAO 2004

Thirty-eight species of leucosiid crabs are reported from Panglao in Bohol, the Central Philippines. Of these, three are new to science: Alox bothros, A. chaunos, and Urnalana cristata, while five constitute new records for the Philippines: Leucosia rubripalma Galil, 2003, Myra tumidospina Galil, 2001, Urnalana elata (A. Milne-Edwards, 1874), U. pulchella (Bell, 1855) and U. whitei (Bell, 1855). The new species are described and illustrated, and their affinities with allied taxa discussed Tokoyo triloba Komatsu, Manual & Takeda, 2005, is also synonymised with T. eburnea (Alcock, 1896).

MUSORSTOM 1, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

PANGLAO 2004

Twenty-two species of calappoid and leucosioid crabs were identified among the material collected off Aurora Province, western coast of Luzon, Philippines, in 1987. This includes two new species of calappids, Mursia aurorae n. sp., and M. steinhardti n. sp. Two leucosioid species are new records for the Philippines: Iphiculus convexus Ihle, 1918 (Iphiculidae), and Myra digitata Galil, 2004 (Leucosiidae).

AURORA 2007

SANTO 2006

BIOPAPUA, PAPUA NIUGINI

species are new records for Papua New Guinea: Alox ornatum (Ihle, 1918), A. tormos Galil & Ng, 2009; Arcania tuberculata Bell, 1855; Coralliocryptus caementa Komai & Ng, 2012; Cryptocnemus aberrans Balss, 1938; C. haddoni Calman, 1900; C. stimpsoni Ihle, 1915; Dolos petraeus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1874); Ebalia longispinosa Ihle, 1918; Ixa pulcherrima (Haswell, 1879); Kabutos durandi (Serène, 1955); Leucosia punctata Bell, 1855; Myra brevimana Alcock, 1896; Myrine kessleri (Paul’son, 1875); Nucia speciosa Dana, 1852; Nursia phylloides Ihle; 1918, Nursilia tonsor Alcock, 1896; Oreotlos lagarodes Tan & Ng, 1995; Pseudophilyra tenuipes Ihle, 1918 and Tokoyo cirrata Galil, 2003. Of these, two species, C. stimpsoni and N. phylloides, had only been known from single type specimens collected during the ‘Siboga’ Expedition (1899-1900). The new species of Cryptocnemus Stimpson, 1858, is described, illustrated and compared with congeners. Colour photographs are provided for 26 species.

KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP

ATIMO VATAE, BIOMAGLO, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY

PAPUA NIUGINI

Petrolisthes militaris (Heller, 1862) is redescribed on the basis ofmaterial from the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum—Naturalis, Leiden, and the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. A different morphotype, consistently showing a different distributional and ecological range from that of P. militaris, is here described as P. holthuisi n. sp. Phylogenetic analyses of a dataset based on DNA sequences of a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene from individuals representing the two forms support the separation of these into two species. While P. militaris has a wide distribution in the Indo-West Pacific including the Red Sea, the new species seems to be restricted to the western side of the Malayan Peninsula through the Malayan Archipelago, eastward to Vanuatu. In addition, Petrolisthes militaris has a broad bathymetric range from the intertidal to 600 m, while P. holthuisi n. sp. is limited to shallow water.

BOA1, PALEO-SURPRISE, SANTO 2006

A snake eel is described on the basis of a single specimen collected near Dongsha Atoll in the South China Sea. Its large eyes and the dorsal-fin origin behind the pectoral fins place it in the Ophichthus megalops group, despite its lack of a blackened anal-fin base in advance of the tail tip. The following combination of characters separates this new species from all of its Indo-West Pacific congeners: body bicoloured, grey-brown dorsally and uniformly pale ventrally; dorsal-fin origin situated 2.2 times pectoral-fin length behind tip of pectoral fin; eye large and snout short and blunt; a knob present between nostrils; rictus situated slightly anterior of vertical through posterior margin of eye; and teeth biserial on upper jaw and uniserial on vomer and lower jaw. A specimen of Ophichthus kusanagi Hibino, McCosker & Tashiro, 2019 was also collected nearby, representing the first record of this species from the South China Sea.

MUSORSTOM 4

In recent collections from deep waters around Taiwan, numerous new records of brachyuran crabs were obtained for Taiwan. Thirty-one species are added to the known Taiwanese brachyuran fauna, including 13 new records of genera and two new records of families (Homolodromiidae and Cymonomidae). The established brachyuran crab fauna for Taiwan now stands at 604 species.

TAIWAN 2000, TAIWAN 2001

ATIMO VATAE

Collections made during recent French expeditions off the Mozambique Channel in the western Indian Ocean (MAINBAZA, MIRIKY) and off Papua New Guinea in the southwestern Pacific (BIOPAPUA) yielded a total of 14 species of the deep-water shrimp genus Glyphocrangon A. Milne-Edwards, 1881, including one new to science: G. amblytes Komai, 2004, G. assimilis De Man, 1918, G. brevis Komai, 2006, G. confusa Komai, 2004, G. crosnieri Komai, 2004, G. dentata Barnard, 1926, G. faxoni De Man, 1918, G. indonesiensis Komai, 2004, G. lowryi Kensley, Tranter & Griffin, 1987, G. proxima Komai, 2004, G. pugnax De Man, 1918, G. pulchra n. sp., G. rudis Komai, 2006, and G. speciosa Komai, 2004. Glyphocrangon pulchra n. sp. belongs to the “G. regalis Bate, 1888” species-complex, and differentiating characters between the new species and closely related allies are discussed. The geographical range of G. indonesiensis is greatly extended from the southwestern Pacific to the western Indian Ocean, the identification being supported by both morphological and molecular data. Slight range extensions are also reported for G. lowryi and G. speciosa.

BIOPAPUA, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, SALOMON 2

A new genus of the family Leucosiidae, Kabutos n. gen., is described for Merocryptus durandi Serene, 1955, from the western Pacific. Kabutos n. gen. is differentiated from other leucosiid genera by the combination of morphological features in the orbit, third maxilliped, chela and abdomen. Kabutos durandi is redescribed and the affinities with allied genera are discussed.

SANTO 2006

The evolutionary relationships of the brachyuran crab superfamily Eriphioidea, commonly known as stone or rubble crabs, are examined. Analysis of three mitochondrial (12S, 16S and COI) and two nuclear loci (18S and Histone 3) was carried out for 51 taxa representing the Carpilioidea, Dairoidea, Eriphioidea, Goneplacoidea, Parthenopoidea, Pilumnoidea, Portunoidea, Pseudozioidea and Xanthoidea. Phylogenetic analyses of molecular data used three methods of inference that recovered similar topologies with minor differences. Maximum parsimony analysis of 20 morphological characters taken from first zoeas of 11 species yielded two equally parsimonious trees and generally supported the molecular analyses. None of the analyses recovered Eriphioidea as monophyletic, and each of the eriphioid families represented by two or more taxa was shown to be polyphyletic in both molecular and larval analyses. This study indicates that the present classification based on adult morphology is incongruent with phylogenetic relationships and that the diagnostic characters the result of convergence (particularly in feeding morphology) rather than shared ancestry.

AURORA 2007, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

Currently, 13 subfamilies are recognised in the brachyuran family Xanthidae: Actaeinae, Antrocarcininae, Chlorodiellinae, Cymoinae, Etisinae, Euxanthinae, Kraussiinae, Liomerinae, Polydectinae, Speocarcininae, Xanthinae, Zalasiinae and Zosiminae. This classification has been based on shared adult features like a transversely ovate carapace, well defined dorsal carapace regions, usually with lateral dentition, stout chelipeds and relatively short ambulatory legs. Such characters are now considered to be convergent. Consequently a number of higher xanthid taxa may be artifical and not monophyletic. A broad sample of 147 xanthid species representing 75 out of 124 genera from all 13 xanthid subfamilies were sampled in a multi-gene analysis. Four markers (three mitochondria] and one nuclear) were used and yielded a tree with ca. 30 xanthid clades. Monophyletic support was demonstrated for the Antrocarcininae (although substantially redefined), Cymoinae, and Polydectinae. Almost every other subfamily was para- or polyphyletic. Furthermore, the two other families of the Xanthoidea, Pseudorhombilidae and Panopeidae, were found nested within the Xanthidae. The molecular results were consistent with phylogenetic relationships implied by a suite of novel and/or neglected "ventral" adult characters including sternal characters, position of genital openings and morphology of the first zoea, instead of "dorsal" characters traditionally used to infer xanthid relationships. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

AURORA 2007, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SANTO 2006, SMCB

The identity of the mangrove sesarmid crab Clistocoeloma balansae A. Milne-Edwards, 1873, is clarified on the basis of the types from New Caledonia, and fresh material from Vanuatu and the Philippines. Sesarma (Sesarma) tectum Rathbun, 1914, is shown to be a junior subjective synonym of C. balansae A. Milne-Edwards, 1873. A new species, C. melanesicum, superficially similar to C. balansae, is described from Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and, Solomon Islands.

PANGLAO 2004, SANTO 2006

DongSha 2014, NanHai 2014, ZhongSha 2015

The deep-water epialtid spider crab (superfamily Majoidea) material collected from recent French expeditions to Papua New Guinea (BIOPAPUA 2010, PAPUA NIUGINI 2012, MADEEP 2014, and KAVIENG 2014) was studied. In addition to several new records for the country, five new species of Oxypleurodon Miers, 1885, Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, and Tunepugettia Ng, Komai & Sato, 2017, are described. The taxonomy of Tunepugettia is reappraised, and a new genus, Crocydocinus n. gen., is established, characterised by its smooth ambulatory legs and a distinct male first gonopod structure. Four species from the Bay of Bengal, Sumatra, and Réunion Island, currently placed in Rochinia and Tunepugettia are transferred to Crocydocinus n. gen. and four new species from Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Vanuatu are described. A new genus, Neophrys n. gen., with one new species from Papua New Guinea, is established, and is characterised by the supraorbital eave being fused with the carapace and the poorly developed pre-orbital angle.

BIOPAPUA, KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI, SANTO 2006

The single most species-rich genus in the majoid family Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838, is Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875. Ng et al. (2008) listed 34 species and since then the number of species has continued to grow, especially in the Indo-West Pacific region (see Takeda, 2001; Takeda & Komatsu, 2005; Ng & Richer de Forges, 2007; Richer de Forges & Poore, 2008; Takeda, 2009; McLay, 2009; Ng & Richer de Forges, 2013; Richer de Forges & Ng, 2013; Takeda & Marumura, 2014; Lee et al., 2017; Lee et al., 2019). The systematic problems with the genus are well known; Rochinia, as defined by Griffin & Tranter (1986a) was too broad and clearly polyphyletic. Rochinia sensu Griffin & Tranter (1986a) includes four synonyms: Sphenocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, Scyramathia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, Anamathia Smith, 1885, and Oxypleurodon Miers, 1885. Griffin & Tranter (1986a) also transferred three species that were described under Hyastenus White, 1847, and Pugettia Dana, 1851, to Rochinia. Goniopugettia Sakai, 1986, a genus overlooked by Griffin & Tranter (1986a), included Rochinia sagamiensis (Gordon, 1930), and was recognised by Ng et al.

AURORA 2007, BIOPAPUA, DongSha 2014, KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP, MUSORSTOM 5, NanHai 2014, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMONBOA 3, TARASOC, ZhongSha 2015

ATIMO VATAE, BIOMAGLO, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, Walters Shoal

BENTHAUS

A review of the deep-water hermit crab species of the genus Paragiopagurus Lemaitre, 1996 from the world oceans is presented. The core specimen base for this study has come primarily from the abundant collections of species of this genus obtained during French campaigns over the last four decades, and complemented with numerous specimens from many other deep-sea expeditions and deposited in various museum holdings around the world. Paragiopagurus is one of the most speciose genus among the Parapaguridae Smith, 1882, although it is considered a phylogenetically heterogeneous assemblage and does not appear to have an apomorphy of its own. Bathymetrically, the species range in depth from 36 to 2034 m, although they occur most frequently between 200 and 1000 m. The species utilize as housing, gastropod shells (or rarely scaphopod shells, siliceous sponges, or hollow pieces of wood) that may or may not be colonized by actinians or zoanthids. In this review, 24 species are recognized, of which five are new, P. laperousei n. sp., P. orthotenes n. sp., P. oxychelos n. sp., P. trilineatus n. sp., and P. umbonatus n. sp. The new species are fully described and illustrated. All previously known species of the genus are diagnosed or redescribed, and previously published illustrations of important taxonomic characters assembled and complemented, when useful, with new illustrations. The treatment of each species includes a full synonymy, materials examined (type and non-types), colouration, habitat or type of housing used, distribution, and remarks on taxonomy and morphological affinities. Colour photographs are included for 14 of the species. Parapagurus curvispina de Saint Laurent, 1974, a species tentatively moved after its description to Sympagurus Smith, 1883 and then to Paragiopagurus, is herein transferred with certainty to Oncopagurus Lemaitre, 1996. Parapagurus spinimanus Balss, 1911, a species that had been incorrectly placed in Paragiopagurus, is herein moved to Sympagurus. Parapagurus sculptochela Zarenkov, 1990, a taxon previously considered a junior synonym of Paragiopagurus boletifer (de Saint Laurent, 1972), is herein resurrected as a valid species of Paragiopagurus. The bathymetric and geographic distributions of Paragiopagurus species are summarized and briefly discussed, including a summary table, graph, and map with generalized distribution patterns.

BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 3, BATHUS 4, BENTHAUS, BENTHEDI, BERYX 11, BIOCAL, BIOGEOCAL, BOA0, BOA1, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, CHALCAL 1, CHALCAL 2, CORAIL 2, CORINDON 2, EBISCO, HALICAL 1, HALIPRO 1, HALIPRO 2, KARUBAR, LITHIST, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 6, MUSORSTOM 7, MUSORSTOM 8, MUSORSTOM 9, NORFOLK 1, NORFOLK 2, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SANTO 2006, SMCB, SMIB 10, SMIB 2, SMIB 3, SMIB 4, SMIB 5, SMIB 6, SMIB 8, TAIWAN 2000, TAIWAN 2001, TAIWAN 2002, TAIWAN 2003, TAIWAN 2004, VAUBAN 1978-1979, VOLSMAR

The identity of the tree-spider crab, Parasesarma leptosoma (Hilgendorf, 1869) (family Sesarmidae), which is believed to be widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, is reassessed and shown to be a species-complex with nine species, seven of which are here described as new. Parasesarma leptosoma sensu stricto is now restricted to South and East Africa; and P. limbense (Rathbun, 1914) from Sulawesi, which had been regarded as a junior synonym, is here recognized as a valid species. The following species are described as new: P. gecko n. sp. from Vanuatu, Fiji, Guam and Japan; P. macaco n. sp. from Taiwan and the Philippines; P. kui n. sp. from Taiwan; P. parvulum n. sp. from the Philippines; P. gracilipes n. sp. from Indonesian Papua; P. purpureum n. sp. from Malaysia; and P. tarantula n. sp. from Sulawesi, Indonesia. The nine species of the Parasesarma leptosoma species-complex can be separated by the different shapes of their carapaces, the form of the dactylar tubercles on the male chelipeds, proportions of their ambulatory legs and the structure of the male first gonopod.

SANTO 2006

PANGLAO 2005

The caridean shrimp family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825, collected during the Philippine PANGLAO 2005 deep-sea expedition is represented by four genera and 30 species. Amongst them, Plesionika erythrocyclus Chan & Crosnier, 1997, P. exigua (Rathbun, 1906), P. rufomaculata Chan, 2004, P. suffusa Chan, 2004, and P. williamsi Forest, 1964, are new records for the Philippines. Plesionika acinacifer Chace, 1985, is shown to be the juvenile form of P. alcocki (Anderson, 1896) and the two taxa are synonymised. Colour photographs are provided for all but one species.

PANGLAO 2005

During the cruise TARASOC (September and October 2009) to the Tarava Seamounts, and Tuamotu and Society Archipelagos (French Polynesia), numerous specimens of squat lobsters belonging to the family Munididae (Agononida Baba & de Saint Laurent, 1996, Babamunida Cabezas et al., 2008, Bathymunida Balss, 1914, Heteronida Baba & de Saint Laurent, 1996, Munida Leach, 1820, Onconida Baba & de Saint Laurent, 1996, Paramunida Baba, 1988) and the family Eumunididae (Eumunida Smith, 1883) were collected. The study of these specimens revealed the presence of 27 species. Three species are described as new: Bathymunida corniculata n. sp., Munida atarapa n. sp. and M. rona n. sp.

TARASOC

PANGLAO 2004

The Indo-West Pacific dynomenid genus Paradynomene Sakai, 1963, previously regarded as monotypic, is revised and six species are now recognized, viz. P. tuberculata Sakai, 1963, P. quasimodo n. sp., P. demon n. sp., P. diablo n. sp., P. teufel n. sp. and P. rotunda n. sp.. Most of the species are from deep to relatively deep waters with only one species (P. rotunda) known from shallow water. The species are distinguished by a combination of carapace features, notably carapace shape and height, form of the areolae, and position of major tubercles.

BATHUS 3, BATHUS 4, CORAIL 2, HALICAL 1, KARUBAR, LAGON, MUSORSTOM 6, SMIB 3

A new species of xanthid crab of the genus Medaeus Dana, 1852, is described from the Bohol Sea in the central Philippines. Medaeus danielita new species, is similar to Medaeus aztec Davie, 1997, but can be easily differentiated from it by the structure of its carapace, ambulatory legs, and male first gonopods. It is only the second species of the genus known from the Philippines.

PANGLAO 2004, SMCB, SMIB 8

PANGLAO 2004

A new species of Alainodaeus Davie, 1993, is described from Balicasag Island in the central Philippines. Alainodaeus filipinus n. sp., can be differentiated from congeners by the characters of its carapace, chelipeds, ambulatory legs and male first gonopods. A key to the species of Alainodaeus is provided. The occurrence of A. filipinus in the Philippines represents a remarkable extension in the range of this genus, which was previously known only from islands in the southern and southwestern Pacific

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

PANGLAO 2004

Relatively few studies have been done to define or assess rarity in the marine environment. Published studies have focused on shallow-water and intertidal habitats, and the available information appears to reflect the same pattern observed in terrestrial environments, i.e., that there are many rare species and few common species in any one given area. However, our studies of the abundance of new and/or supposedly rare taxa of decapod crustaceans from the deep, steep slopes of the island of Balicasag, in the central Philippines, have raised questions on how rarity should be defined in marine invertebrates. Examples of such supposedly rare species of crabs and lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) are presented here. That these animals come from deep, steep slopes, a relatively under-studied habitat, highlights the major gaps in current knowledge of marine biodiversity that are in part due to the inadequacy of both traditional and high technology sampling methodologies and the limited habitat types that the former can target. Low-technology, artisanal tangle nets have proved to be an optimal capture technique for deep-water decapod crustaceans on deep, steep slopes; many new taxa have been discovered and, in other cases, perceptions of rarity and endemicity have been corrected.

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

LUMIWAN 2008, PANGLAO 2004

PANGLAO 2004

The present study describes a new species of Corycodus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Cyclodorippidae) from Madagascar and re-describes the poorly known C. disjunctipes (Stebbing, 1910) from Mozambique. The two species are compared with congeners in detail. The present study brings the number of Corycodus species to seven.

MAINBAZA, MIRIKY

The poorly known majid genus Majella Ortmann, 1893, is revised. The genus was previously known only from one species, M. brevipes Ortmann, 1893, described from Japan and reported from east Africa. Majella brevipes is redescribed and figured in detail from the type and material from the type locality, Sagami Bay in Japan. This species is now restricted to Japan. Specimens from east Africa are herein described as two new species: M. skolopion n. sp. and M. pristis n. sp.; they differ markedly from M. brevipes (now restricted to Japan) in the arrangement of spines on the carapace and pereopods, third maxillipeds, male pleon and gonopods.

MAINBAZA, MIRIKY

A second species of the ilyograpsine crab, Mirograpsus Komai & Fujita, 2018 (Macrophthalmidae) is described from Vanuatu. It is compared to the type and only species, M. asper Komai & Fujita, 2018, from Ryukyus in Japan, differing in the carapace shape, armature of the chelipeds and ambulatory legs, and structure of the male pleon.

SANTO 2006

The identities of the deep-water brachyuran crabs Carcinoplax abyssicola (Miers, 1885), C. longipes (Wood-Mason, 1891), and C. specularis Rathbun, 1914 (family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838) are clarified on the basis of the examination of types and of an extensive series of specimens from the Indo-West Pacific region, including colour photographs of fresh specimens. Two species described from the Philippines, C. verdensis Rathbun, 1914 and C. polita Guinot, 1989, and previously synonymised under C. specularis, are shown to be distinct species. Two new species, C. adelphia n. sp. and C. jugum n. sp., are described from Vanuatu and the Philippines, respectively. Carcinoplax adelphia n. sp. differs from the closely allied C. specularis by having a male first gonopod (G1) that is relatively more elongated, particularly the distinctly more slender distal half, than the G1 of C. specularis. Carcinoplax jugum n. sp. is characterized by a suite of characters that includes an epistome with strongly concave lateral margins, a carapace having distinctly swollen gastric and cardiac regions, and a G1 with a subconical distal part. The taxonomies of these seven species, as well as that of the allied C. fasciata Ng & Kumar, 2016 from southwestern India, are revised. A revised, updated key to the 25 known species of Carcinoplax H. Milne Edwards, 1852 is also provided.

BATHUS 4, BIOPAPUA, BOA0, BOA1, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, EXBODI, KARUBAR, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 3, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006, SMIB 6, TAIWAN 2001, TARASOC

For the century to 2018, only one species of the deep-water porter crab Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Brachyura, Homolidae), the type species, G. profundorum (Alcock & Anderson, 1899), was known, and only from a handful of specimens from the Indian Ocean. In 2019, two species were described from the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans. The present revision of available material, most of which was only collected in the last decade, adds five new species to the genus. This explosion in species numbers demonstrates just how poor our understanding is of deep-sea habitats and their constituent fauna.

Restreint, MADEEP, SALOMON 2

The raninid genus Cyrtorhina Monod, 1956, is revised and restricted to Cyrtorhina granulosa Monod, 1956, from West Africa. A new genus, Flaberhina, is established for C. balabacensis Serène, 1971 from the Philippines and New Caledonia. Despite their superficial similarities, the two genera can easily be separated by the structures of the carapace, eye, antenna, pterygostome, thoracic sternum, pleon and penis. The taxonomy of the subfamily Cyrtorhininae Guinot & Ng, 2020, which contains both fossil and extant taxa, is also reviewed.

LAGON

A new species of majid crab, Sakaija amicitiae n. sp., is described from New Caledonia Exclusive Economic Zone, Vauban seamount and the Chesterfield Atolls. The species is superficially similar to S. japonica (Rathbun, 1932) and S. santo Ng & Richer de Forges, 2015, from Vanuatu. Specimens from New Caladonia previously referred to S. santo are now referred to the new species. Sakaija amicitiae n. sp. can be distinguished from congeners by features of the carapace spines, proportions of the ambulatory legs and structure of the male first gonopod.

EBISCO, EXBODI

The systematics of four species of the homolodromiid genus Dicranodromia A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, from East Asia and the Philippines is reappraised: D. danielae Ng & McLay, 2005, D. doederleini Ortmann, 1892, D. karubar Guinot, 1993, and D. martini Guinot, 1995; and key characters such as the epistome, gonopods, and spermatheca are figured in detail. Two new species, D. erinaceus sp. nov. and D. robusta sp. nov., are described from Taiwan and the Philippines, respectively. Dicranodromia erinaceus sp. nov. resembles D. spinulata Guinot, 1995, and D. delli Ahyong, 2008 (from New Caledonia and New Zealand) but can be separated by its distinctly spinulated carapace surfaces and proportionately shorter fifth ambulatory legs. Dicranodromia robusta sp. nov. is superficially similar to D. baffini (Alcock & Anderson, 1899) and D. karubar Guinot, 1993, but can easily be separated by possessing a broad dorsoventrally flattened infraorbital tooth. A genetic study of the species using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene confirms that the taxa are distinct, with D. erinaceus sp. nov. coming out in a well-supported clade from congeners. The megalopa of D. doederleini is also reported for the first time.

PANGLAO 2005, TAIWAN 2013

Additional spider crab (superfamily Majoidea) material from four major French-led expeditions to the Papua New Guinea region were examined in this study. One new genus and four new species from the families Inachidae and Oregoniidae are described. Dorhynchus profundus n. sp. is close to D. rostratus (Sakai, 1932) but can easily be separated by the shape of the ambulatory dactylus and the proportionately lower protogastric spines. Achaeus pholcus n. sp. is unusual in that it occurs in deeper waters (beyond 500 m), and can be separated from A. lacertosus Stimpson, 1857, A. villosus Rathbun, 1916, and A. brevidactylus Sakai, 1938, by its distinctive carapace shape, structure of the frontal margin, regions of the carapace, antennular fossa, ambulatory dactylus, male pleon, and proportions of the chela. Parapleisticantha aie n. sp. is closest to P. japonica Yokoya, 1933, but differs in its proportionately longer carapace, more elongated basal antennal article, longer third maxilliped ischium and the relatively less curved male first gonopod with the distal part differently structured. A new genus (Orbicantha n. gen.) with one new species (Orbicantha sacrebleu n. gen., n. sp.) is also described; it is allied to Pleistacantha Miers, 1879, Parapleisticantha Yokoya 1933, and Pleisticanthoides Yokoya, 1933, but is distinctive in its subcircular carapace, shorter regions, short pseudorostral spines, possession of spines on the gastric, cardiac and branchial regions, some of which have rounded tips, a short ocular peduncle, a very short third antennal article, a quadrate epistome, and the more reduced P4 and P5. New records from the family Epialtidae are also reported: Griffinia gilloloensis (Rathbun, 1916), Hyastenus borradailei (Rathbun, 1907), and Oxypleurodon luzonicum (Rathbun, 1916). The taxonomy of Grypachaeus tenuicollis Takeda, 1978 (Oregoniidae) and Griffinia lappacea (Rathbun, 1918) (Epialtidae) is also discussed.

BIOPAPUA, KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI, SANTO 2006

A new supergiant species of Bathynomus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 from Vietnam is described. Bathynomus vaderi sp. nov. is characterised by its wide, rectangular clypeal region with parallel lateral margins, concave distal margin, and narrowly acute apex; the distally narrowing and posteriorly curved coxa of pereopod 7; and the presence of 11 upwardly curved pleotelson spines. The new Bathynomus is the fourth species with upwardly curved pleotelson spines and the second supergiant in the South China Sea. The taxonomy of B. jamesi Kou, Chen & Li, 2017 from the South China Sea is also discussed based on a large series of specimens. Previously reported differences in body form and pleotelson spines, which suggest that there may be two forms or species, are regarded as intraspecific variation for the time being. The contemporary culinary trend and fishing of Bathynomus in Vietnam, which have contributed to this discovery, are also discussed.

MUSORSTOM 2

A new supergiant species of Bathynomus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 from Vietnam is described. Bathynomus vaderi sp. nov. is characterised by its wide, rectangular clypeal region with parallel lateral margins, concave distal margin, and narrowly acute apex; the distally narrowing and posteriorly curved coxa of pereopod 7; and the presence of 11 upwardly curved pleotelson spines. The new Bathynomus is the fourth species with upwardly curved pleotelson spines and the second supergiant in the South China Sea. The taxonomy of B. jamesi Kou, Chen & Li, 2017 from the South China Sea is also discussed based on a large series of specimens. Previously reported differences in body form and pleotelson spines, which suggest that there may be two forms or species, are regarded as intraspecific variation for the time being. The contemporary culinary trend and fishing of Bathynomus in Vietnam, which have contributed to this discovery, are also discussed.

MUSORSTOM 2

A new genus and species of xanthid crab, Cranaothus deforgesi, is described from Chesterfield Island. Cranaothus appears to be closely related to Paramedaeus, Metaxanthops, Macromedaeus, Medaeops, Neoxanthops, Glyptoxanthus and Lipaesthesius, but differs in the form and sculptures on the carapace, as well as structures of the sternum, male abdomen and male first pleopod. The larger cheliped of Cranaothus also possesses a specialized basal cutting tooth on its dactylus.

LAGON

GEMINI, SMIB 8, VOLSMAR

BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 4, MUSORSTOM 8

Randallia serenei Richer de Forges, 1983, is shown to be a distinct species and not a synonym of Tanaoa distinctus (Rathbun, 1894). Two other species currently placed in Randallia, R. granulata Miers, 1886, and R. speciosa Chen, 1989, are also transferred to Tanaoa Galil, 2003. A new genus and new species of leucosiid crab, Galilia narusei, is also described from New Caledonia. While superficially resembling species of Toru Galil, 2003, it differs markedly in its very granular carapace, rounded intestinal tubercles, short male chelipeds and ambulatory legs as well as a gently bent male first pleopod. The nomenclature of Randallia pustulilabris Alcock, 1896, is also discussed, and Ihleorandallia Stevcic, 2005, a nomen nudum, is shown to be a junior synonym of Toru.

NORFOLK 2

A new family, Vultocinidae, is established for an unusual new genus and new species of crab ( Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea) here described from relatively deep waters in the central Philippines and Vanuatu. Although Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species, superficially resembles pilumnid genera like Lophoplax and pseudoziid genera like Planopilumnus in its deeply sculptured carapace and leg surfaces, its male abdomen and gonopods appear to affiiliate it with the Goneplacidae sensu lato instead. However, its suite of many unusual characters requires the recognition of a new family for Vultocinus. Comparisons of the Vultocinidae with the Goneplacidae sensu stricto suggests that the subfamily Mathildellinae, presently regarded as a subfamily, should be recognised as a full family; and two other problematic constituent genera, Progeryon and Conleyus, are also referred to their respective families in the Goneplacoidea. The genus Paragalene is also referred to the Progeryonidae. The extent of the sterno- abdominal cavity along the thoracic sternites, structure of the posterior thoracic sternites, position of the press button of the male abdominal locking mechanism and form of the first four male abdominal segment as characters in the taxonomy of the Goneplacoidea is also discussed.

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SANTO 2006

PANGLAO 2004

PANGLAO 2004

A new species of Aphanodactylus is described from Panglao Island, the Philippines. This new species can be distinguished from other species of Aphanodactlyus by the characters of the carapace, the form of the ambulatory legs. and the structure of the male first gonopod. The photograph of the holotype of poorly known Pinnixa brevipes H. Milne Edwards, 1853, is compared with species of Aphanodactylus sensu stricto and the allied genus Gandoa Kammerer, 2006. Its distinctly punctate and rectangular carapace suggest that A. brevipes belongs in Gandoa. A lectotype for Pinnixa brevipes is designated.

PANGLAO 2004

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

A large dynomenid specimen from the Tuamotu Archipelago previously thought to belong to Metadynomene tanensis (Yokoya, 1933) is shown to be a new species, M. tuamotu sp. nov. Metadynomene tanensis is a widespread Western Pacific species occurring from Japan to New Zealand; while M. tuamotu sp. nov. Joins M. devaneyi (Takeda, 1977) as the second species of this genus known from French Polynesia. A key to the genus is provided.

SMCB

The inachid spider crab genus Pleisticanthoides Yokoya, 1933, is revalidated and removed from the synonymy of Pleistacantha Miers, 1879, distinguished by the absence of strong spines on the carapace (with only spinules or setae), unarmed pereiopods (with only stiff setae along margins and not spines), possession of a relatively longer, more slender ocular peduncle with a smaller cornea, slender adult male chelae, and a gently curved male first gonopod which has the distal part dorsoventrally flattened and without a subdistal process. Three species are recognised from the Indo-West Pacific region: Pleisticanthoides simplex (Rathbun, 1932) (= Pleisticanthoides nipponensis Yokoya, 1933) from Japan, P. cameroni n. sp. from the Philippines, and P. piccardorum n. sp. from Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea.

AURORA 2007, BIOPAPUA, PANGLAO 2005, SANTO 2006

The systematic positions of two ocypodoid crabs, Paracleistostoma dentatum Tesch, 1918, and P. fossulum Barnard, 1955, have been uncertain because each were described from single female specimens, with Ng et al. (2008) referring them provisionally to the Dotillidae and Varunidae, respectively. Stevcic (2011) recently established two new genera, Lazarocleistostoma Stevcic, 2011, and Brankocleistostoma Stevcic, 2011, for P. dentatum Tesch, 1918, and P. fossulum Barnard, 1955, respectively. He also recognised two new families, Lazarocleistostomidae Stevcic, 2011, and Brankocleistostomidae Stevcic, 2011, for these genera. Examination of the types and fresh material of P. fossulum indicates that while both genera are valid, the families are not justified. Brankocleistostoma is a dotillid; while Lazarocleistostoma is a varunid (subfamily Gaeticinae). The tribe Gopkittisakini Stevcic, 2011 (type genus Gopkittisak Naruse & Clark, 2009), is also shown to be a junior synonym of Gaeticinae.

ATIMO VATAE

A revision of Scalopidia Stimpson, 1858 (Brachyura: Goneplacoidea: Scalopidiidae) has resulted in the description of two new species of Scalopidia from the Indian Ocean and Papua New Guinea, as well as a new genus and new species from Madagascar. The type species of Scalopidia, S. spinosipes Stimpson, 1858, is redescribed and Hypophthalmus leuchochirus Richters, in Lenz & Richters, 1881, is synonymised with S. spinosipes.

MIRIKY, PANGLAO 2004, PAPUA NIUGINI

A new genus, Samadinia n. gen., and new species, Samadinia longispina n. sp., of deep-water epialtid spider crab is described from French Polynesia and New Caledonia. The new genus is superficially similar to Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, but can be distinguished by having the dorsal surface of the carapace covered with small, rounded granules (versus with long spines or strong tubercles), well developed hepatic and lateral branchial spines (versus relatively shorter and weaker), a prominently constricted male thoracic sternite 4 (versus relatively broader with less prominent or without median constriction) and a proportionally broader male abdomen. A new species of Rochinia, R. granulosa n. sp., is also described from Papua New Guinea. It is easily distinguished from congeners its small adult size, the presence of numerous relatively large granules on the carapace and a relatively short hepatic spine.

BIOPAPUA, EXBODI, TARASOC

PAPUA NIUGINI

The family Acidopsidae Števčić, 2005, is revised; and two subfamilies are recognised. The Acidopsinae Števčić, 2005, is characterised by the coxal male opening, a quadrate basal antennal article and vulvae arranged near the median longitudinal thoracic sternal groove. Three genera are included in the Acidopsinae: Acidops Stimpson, 1871 (with two species), Parapilumnus Kossmann, 1877 (with two species) and Crinitocinus gen. Nov. (monotypic for Pilumnus alcocki Borradaile, 1902). The Raouliinae Števčić, 2005 (= Typhlocarcinodidae Števčić, 2005; Caecopilumnidae Števčić, 2011), is characterised by its coxo-sternal male opening, a short basal antennal article which is distinctly wider than long and vulvae arranged submedially on thoracic sternite 6. Four genera are included in the Raouliinae: Raoulia Ng, 1987 (with five species, three of which are described as new), Caecopilumnus Borradaile, 1902 (with three species of which one is described as new), Typhlocarcinodes Alcock, 1900 (monotypic) and Thecaplax gen. Nov. (for one new species).

PANGLAO 2004, PAPUA NIUGINI, SANTO 2006

BIOPAPUA

PAPUA NIUGINI

The taxonomy of spider crabs of the genus Maja Lamarck, 1801, is revised, and a total of 36 species in 10 genera are now recognised from the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean and Indo-West Pacific. The present revision describes seven genera and 17 species as new. Two genera previously synonymised under Maja: Paramaya De Haan, 1837, and Paramaja Kubo, 1936, are here treated as valid taxa. The confused nomenclature of Cancer cornutus Linnaeus, 1758, is resolved, and the name replaces Maja capensis Ortmann, 1894, and Mamaia queketti Stebbing, 1908. All genera and species are diagnosed and figured, and keys are provided for their identification.

AURORA 2007, BIOPAPUA, EBISCO, EXBODI, MIRIKY, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SANTO 2006

CONCALIS, TAIWAN 2013

PANGLAO 2004

PAPUA NIUGINI

The family Chasmocarcinidae Serène, 1964, is revised based on the examination of the type material of many of its species as well as unidentified and previously identified material from around the world. The revised family now consists of three subfamilies comprising 16 genera (including eight described as new) and 51 species (including 19 described as new). The subfamily Chasmocarciinae Serène, 1964, consists of Amboplax n. gen. with one species; Angustopelta n. gen. with four species, two of which are new; Camatopsis Alcock & Anderson, 1899, with six species, five of which are new; Chasmocarcinops Alcock, 1900, with one species; Chasmocarcinus Rathbun, 1898, with 11 species, one of which is new; Chinommatia n. gen. with five species, two of which are new; Deltopelta n. gen. with one species; Hephthopelta Alcock, 1899, with two species, one of which is new; Microtopsis Komai, Ng & Yamada, 2012, with two species, one of which is new; Notopelta n. gen. with one species; Statommatia n. gen. with five species, two of which are new; and Tenagopelta n. gen. with three species, two of which are new. The subfamily Megaesthesiinae Števčić, 2005, consists of Alainthesius n. gen. with two species, both of which are new; Megaesthesius Rathbun, 1909, with four species, one of which is new. The subfamily Trogloplacinae Guinot, 1986, consists of Australocarcinus Davie, 1988, with three species, and Trogloplax Guinot, 1986, with one species. A neotype is selected for Chasmocarcinus cylindricus Rathbun, 1901. Three nominal species were found to be junior subjective synonyms of other species: Chasmocarcinus panamensis Serène, 1964, of C. longipes Garth, 1940; Chasmocarcinus rathbuni Bouvier, 1917, of C. typicus Rathbun, 1898; and Hephthopelta superba Boone, 1927, of Deltopelta obliqua (Rathbun, 1898). Thirteen chasmocarcinid genera are exclusively found in the Indo-West Pacific region, one (Chasmocarcinus) in both the Western Atlantic and Tropical Eastern Pacific regions, and two (Deltopelta n. gen. and Amboplax n. gen.) exclusively in the Western Atlantic. Chasmocarcinids are remarkable for occurring from depths exceeding 1000 m to shallow water and completely freshwater habitats: chasmocarcinines and megaesthesiines are found from shallow to deep water marine ecosystems, whereas trogloplacines live in freshwater streams, including cave systems.

ATIMO VATAE, AURORA 2007, BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 4, BIOPAPUA, BOA1, BORDAU 1, Restreint, CORINDON 2, EXBODI, HALIPRO 1, KARUBAR, KARUBENTHOS 2012, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 6, MUSORSTOM 8, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI, SALOMON 1, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006

BIOPAPUA, KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP, ZhongSha 2015

PANGLAO 2005

Two rare teleosts Paraulopus brevirostris (Fourmanoir 1981) and Acropoma lecorneti (Fourmanoir 1988) are collected from bottom trawlers in northeastern Taiwan. Both poorly known species are new record from Taiwan. Description of morphological characters in detail are given in the present study.

SANTO 2006

The shark genus Etmopterus is the most species-rich shark genus, however, several of its species level taxa pose taxonomic challenges. Especially the Etmopterus lucifer species group is in need of a taxonomic re-evaluation. In the present study, we review the status of E. lucifer and E. molleri from the north- and southwestern Pacific applying an integrative taxonomic approach. Our dataset comprises 100 morphological characters and the mitochondrial NADH2 marker (1,010 bp) for 178 and 83 specimens, respectively. Our results show that E. lucifer and E. molleri from the Northwestern Pacific are distinct from specimens sampled in the Southwestern Pacific. We therefore (1) resurrect E. abernethyi for specimens in the southwestern Pacific hitherto assigned to E. lucifer, (2) synonymize the Northwestern Pacific E. burgessi with E. lucifer and (3) resurrect E. schmidti for specimens in the Northwestern Pacific hitherto assigned to E. molleri. A lectotype is designated herein for E. lucifer. Redescriptions of the four valid species, E. abernethyi, E. lucifer, E. molleri, and E. schmidti, are given and an updated key to all members of the E. lucifer group from the central Indo-Pacific is provided. The current division of the E. lucifer subgroups is challenged, as the key character, the relative length of flank-marking branches, shows great intraspecific variation.

KAVALAN 2018

CORINDON 2, LAGON, MD32 (REUNION)

New material from the Marquesas Islands and other localities of French Polynesia provided 12 thalassinidean species treated in this work, five of which are new to science. There are four species ofAxiidae: Acanthaxius spinosissimus (Rathbun, 1906), Axiopsis pica Kensley, 2003, Axiopsis consobrina de Man, 1905, Calaxius sibogae (de Man, 1925); one ofStrahlaxiidae: Neaxius trondlei n. sp.; two of Thomassiniidae: Crosniera dayrati n. sp., Mictaxius salvati n. sp.; four of Callianassidae: Callianassa amboinensis de Man, 1888, Corallianassa coutierei (Nobili, 1904), Neocallichirus frouini n. sp., Cheramus sibogae (de Man, 1905); and one ofUpogebiidae: Gebiacantha albengai n. sp. Neaxius trondlei n. sp. is differentiated by article 2 of antennal peduncle with one or two upper spines, unarmed laterally; merus of pereopod 2 and 3 unarmed on lower border; telson with three well marked transverse carinae equally distant from one another. Crosniera dayrati n. sp. is differentiated by a non spike-like, triangular rostrum, non flattened eyestalks with terminal corneas, elongate telson and uropods. Mictaxius salvati n. sp. is hermaphrodite and has abdominal pleuron 1 rounded posteroventrally, approximately quadrate telson with posterior border nearly straight, uropod exopod not bilobed. Neocallichirus frouini n. sp. is characterised by major pereopod 1 merus with prominent lower expansion bearing large spines, maxilliped 3 with non quadrate propodus. Gebiacantha albengai n. sp. differs in having a rostrum nearly twice as long as wide with three infrarostral spines, single spine on anterolateral border of carapace, pereopod 1 propodus unarmed on mesial surface.

BENTHAUS, MUSORSTOM 9

Collections held by the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle until now unstudied contain six species of Axiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 and Gebiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 from the Indo-west Pacific. Three species of Callianassidae Dana, 1852 are new: Calliax tulearensis n. sp., and Calliaxina thomassini n. sp. From Madagascar and Callianassa coriolisae n. sp. From the Philippines. Neocallichirus audax (de Man, 1911), Axianassa ngochoae Anker, 2010 and Gebiacantha richeri Ngoc-Ho, 1989 are reported for the first time from Vietnam. The new species are described and morphological variabilites in the others are discussed

LAGON, MUSORSTOM 3

The genus Calliapagurops De Saint Laurent was established in 1973 for a new species, Calliapagurops charcoti, which was briefly diagnosed. The holotype and only known specimen was a damaged (probable) female, with a carapace length of 9.5 mm and missing abdomen and pereiopods 4, 5, from the Azores. Its long cylindrical eyestalks nevertheless justified its placement in a new genus. Four specimens belonging to a new species of Calliapagurops from the Philippines are described in this work. They confirm the validity of the genus and reveal its close relationship with certain genera of the subfamily Callichirinae Manning & Felder, 1991. The genus seems better placed in the latter subfamily than in the Calliapaguropinae, as proposed by Sakai (1999). This is discussed.

MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3

Material recently collected from the Solomon Islands include three species of Acanthaxius Sakai & de Saint Laurent, 1989, two of which are new to science: A. clevai n. sp. and A. gadaletae n. sp. and a specimen of A. polyacantha Miyake & Sakai, 1967. Two specimens from New Caledonia are assigned to A. gadaletae n. sp. The new taxa are readily differentiated from A. polyacantha by their longer rostrum and the glabrous postcervical region of carapace. A. clevai n. sp. is characterized by a slender rostrum longer than the eyestalks, with two lateral and a suborbital spine, the gastric region with a median, submedian and lateral carina, setose pereopods 1 with three and two upper spines on the propodal palm and dactylus respectively, the telson longer than broad with three teeth and one spinule on the lateral border. A. gadaletae n. sp. is similar to A. clevai n. sp. but differs by the gastric region with two submedian carinae, the pereopod 1 with four upper spines both on the propodal palm and the dactylus, the maxilliped 3 basis with a large lower distal spine ( absent in A. clevai n. sp.) and the abdominal pleura 3 - 5 with an anterior spinule ( absent in A. clevai n. sp.).

LIFOU 2000, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, SMIB 8

Five new species of Upogebiidae with infrarostral spines are described and figured. They belong to a group first reported by De Saint Laurent& Ngoc-Ho (1979) and of which Upogebia talismani Bouvier, 1915 is considered as most typical. Characteristics of the group are defined upon which a new genus, Gebiacantha, is established. A key for the identification of the eleven species of the genus is provided and a few synonymies, as suggested by Sakai (1982), are discussed.

CORINDON 2, LAGON, MD32 (REUNION)

Nine species of Upogebia Leach from the Seychelles Islands, the Philippines, Indonesia and the Gulf of Aden are studied. U. balmaorum, U. laemanu and U. gracilis are all new species and the first two are closely related to each other. The four additional species include U. baweana Tirmizi and Kazmi, U.fallax de Man, U. hexaceras (Ortmann) and U. miyakei Sakai, two of which are known only from their holotypes. They are compared here with U. pugnax de Man, U. octoceras Nobili; all are briefly re-described.

MUSORSTOM 1, Restreint

LAGON, MUSORSTOM 5

Squat lobsters of the family Munidopsidae are reported from deep-waters off the Philippines based on the material collected by the PANGLAO 2005 and AURORA expeditions. The material includes three species of the genus Galacantha A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 and 23 species of Munidopsis Whiteaves, 1874. Four species are described as new to science and nine species are recorded for the first time from the Philippines. Colour notes and illustrations from fresh specimens are provided for all the species. The poorly known species, Munidopsis ceratophthalma Alcock, 1901, is described in detail based on a Philippine specimen to supplement the original account of the species. Re-examination of the specimen previously reported as M. ceratophthalma from Taiwan reveals that it represents a new species, which is hereby described in this report.

AURORA 2007, CHALCAL 2, KARUBAR, MUSORSTOM 4, NORFOLK 2, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, TAIWAN 2000

LAGON, PALEO-SURPRISE, SANTO 2006

A new species of marine hermit crabs, Dan/anus ho/thuisi sp. nov., is described from New Caledonia and Vanuatu. This is one of the few species of Dardanus that live at depths of more than 100 m. This new species resembles D. gemmatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) and D. impressus Haan, 1849), but is easily distinguished from those two species by larger spiniform tubercles on the chelipeds, longer and more slender dactyl of the second and third pereopods, shorter ocular peduncles, and red colour on the fixed finger and the dactyl chelipeds, and the dactyl of the second and third pereopods which persist for several years in fixative.

BATHUS 1, SANTO 2006

The hexapodid genera Hexapus De Haan, 1833, Hexapinus Manning & Holthuis, 1981, Latohexapus Huang, Hsueh & Ng, 2002, and Hexaplax Doflein, 1904, are revised and redescribed on the basis of their respective type species. Hexapus s. str. is redefined and a new species is described from Indonesia. Hexapinus is restricted for H. latipes (De Haan, 1835), H. edwardsi (Serène & Soh, 1976) and three new species from Indonesia, Philippines, China and Japan. A new genus, Mariaplax, is established for Lambdophallus anfractus Rathbun, 1909, Hexapus granuliferus Campbell & Stephenson, 1970, and 11 new species from the China, Japan, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, New Guinea and Australia. A new genus, Rayapinus, is recognised for an unusual new species from Japan. Two new species of Hexaplax from Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan, and Japan are described. A new genus, Theoxapus, is also established for the east Atlantic Hexapus buchanani Monod, 1956, which had previously been placed in Hexapinus. A revised key to the genera of Hexapodidae is presented.

AURORA 2007, BIOPAPUA, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI

A new species of deep-sea spider crab of the genus Cyrtomaia (Brachyura:Majidae) is described from Guam and Palau. Cyrtomaia micronesica n. sp. is differentiated from its closest congener, C. cornuta Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1988, from New Caledonia by a different carapace armature, shorter basal antennal spines, proportionately longer chelipeds, relatively longer male second and fourth ambulatory meri, and a different male first pleopod.

CHALCAL 2, MUSORSTOM 4

Studies of an extensive collection of homolid crabs obtained from various recent expeditions to the Central Philippines revealed the presence of two new species (Latreillopsis mariveneae and Yaldwynopsis saguili) and two new records (Homola ikedai and Paromola macrocheira). Eleven species are now known from the Philippines. The extensive material of many species previously regarded as rare allowed for the taxonomic reappraisal of several supposedly wide-ranging species, and as a result, two new species are described from French Polynesia (Homola poupini and Yaldwynopsis guinotae).

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SMCB

New collections of deep-sea crabs from the Bohol Sea in Central Philippines have obtained a large series of specimens of the deep-sea spider crabs of the genus Cyrtomaia (Majidae), of which one is here recognised as new, C. largoi, new species. Three other species: C murrayi Miers, 1886, C. horrida Rathbun, 1916, and C. echinata Rathbun, 1916, are all represented by an extensive series of specimens, allowing invaluable insights into their difficult taxonomy and ecology. One nominal subspecies, Cyrtomaia horrida pilosa Ihle & Ihle-Landenberg, 1931, is synonymised with C. horrida.

PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005

A new genus and new species of majid crab, Kasagia arbastoi, is described from the Philippines. Superficially, Kasagia, new genus, is most similar to the pisine genera Eurynome Leach, 1814, Choniognathus Rathbun, 1932, and Seiitaoides Griffin & Tranter, 1986, but can immediately be separated by its simple carapace armature and extremely long chelipeds.

PANGLAO 2005

BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, LITHIST, MUSORSTOM 9, NORFOLK 1, NORFOLK 2, SALOMON 1, SALOMONBOA 3, SMCB

Several species of rarely reported deep-sea homolid crabs are recorded from various locations in the western Pacific: Homola ikedai, H. mieensis, H. coriolisi, Homolomannia occlusa, Homolochunia kullar, H. valdiviae, H. gadaletae, Lamoha superciliosa, L. longipes, L. longirostris, L. inflata and Yaldwynopsis saguili. Two new species are described as new, Homolochunia menezi n. sp., from the Solomon Islands and Latreillopsis trispinosa n. sp. from the Philippines.

AURORA 2007, CONCALIS, KARUBAR, PANGLAO 2004, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006

The deep-water spider crabs of the genus Cyrtomaia are very characteristic because of their globose carapaces, their long and spinose pereiopods, and because a few species can grow very large. Twenty-nine species are known at present of this Indo-West Pacific genus (Ng et al., 2008; Richer de Forges & Ng, 2008). Only three species have been reported from Taiwan until now: Cyrtomaia curviceros Bouvier, 1915, C. horrida Rathbun, 1916, and C. murrayi Miers, 1886 (cf. Ng & Huang, 1997; Ng et al., 2001; Ho et al., 2004). Cyrtomaia curviceros Bouvier, 1915, is currently regarded a junior subjective synonym of C. suhmii Miers, 1886 (cf. Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1986; Ng et al., 2008).

PANGLAO 2005

Three new genera and five new species of epialtid majoid crabs are described from deep water in the western Pacific. Two new species of Oxypleurodon Miers, 1886: O. sanctaeclausi n. sp. and O. annulatum n. sp. are described from the Philippines. New specimens of the rare Oxypleurodon carbunculum (Rathbun, 1906) from the Hawaiian Islands are also recorded. Three new genera are established: Garthinia n. gen. for G. disica n. sp. from the Solomon Islands; Guinotinia n. gen. for G. cordis n. sp. from New Caledonia and G. lehouarnoi n. sp. from Fiji and Tonga; and Laubierinia n. gen. for Sphenocarcinus nodosus Rathbun, 1916, and Rochinia carinata Griffin & Tranter, 1986.

AURORA 2007, BORDAU 2, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, NORFOLK 1, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006

On the basis of fresh collections from various parts of the western Pacific, three species of majoid crabs previously considered as rare are redescribed and figured: Oxypleurodon bidens (Sakai, 1969), O. auritum (Rathbun, 1916) and O. coralliophilum (Takeda, 1980). Four new species are described: O. boholense from the Philippines, O. barazeri and O. parallelum front the Solomon Islands, and O. alaini from New Caledonia. A new genus and new species, Stegopleurodon planirostrum, is described from New Caledonia and Vanuatu. The two species currently assigned to the allied American genus Sphenocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, are re-examined, and a new genus, Rhinocarcinus. is established for the Pacific species Sphenocarcinus agassizi Rathbun, 1893.

AURORA 2007, BATHUS 1, BATHUS 2, BATHUS 3, BATHUS 4, BIOCAL, BIOGEOCAL, BOA0, BOA1, BORDAU 1, CHALCAL 1, CHALCAL 2, LAGON, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 8, NORFOLK 2, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMONBOA 3, SMIB 1, SMIB 2, SMIB 3, SMIB 8, TAIWAN 2000

Following the successful completion of the PANGLAO 2004 expedition, PANGLAO 2005 was organized to fill in the gap to explore and research the deep-sea fauna of the Bohol and Sulu Seas between 18 May 2005 and 3 June 2005. Methods used on board the Philippines fisheries research vessel MV DA-BFAR are recorded and results arising from the expedition are discussed.

PANGLAO 2005

The unusual goneplacoid crab, Vultocinus anfractus Ng & Manuel-Santos, 2007, the only member of the family Vultocinidae, is recorded from New Caledonia for the first time. The species, previously known only on the basis of males from the Philippines and Vanuatu, is now also represented by females. The female characters of the species are described and intraspecific variation is discussed.

LAGON, PANGLAO 2004

A new species of deep-sea majoid is described from the eastern Philippines. Griffinia takedai n. sp. (Epialtidae) is the fourth species in this genus to be described, and it differs from congeners in its setose carapace, elongate rostral spines, as well as the well-developed supraorbital and hepatic spines. The new species is diagnosed, and a key to the genus is presented.

AURORA 2007, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3

AURORA 2007

The study of a small collection of deep-water majoid crabs of the family Epialtidae brings some new data on the geographic distribution of species in the genus Rochinia A. Milne-Edwards, 1875 (R. pulchra (Miers, 1886), R. fultoni (Grant, 1905), R. aff. brevirostris (Doflein, 1904), R. aff. soela Griffin & Tranter, 1986, R. kotakae Takeda, 2001) and Naxioides taurus (Pocock, 1890). One new species, Rochinia boucheti n. sp., is described which differs from all congeners by the presence of numerous small tubercles on the carapace and its relatively short rostral spines. Males of R. kotakae are described for the first time.

AURORA 2007, BOA1, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, SALOMONBOA 3, SANTO 2006, TAIWAN 2003

The inachid spider crab genus, Parapleisticantha Yokoya, 1933 [type species: Parapleisticantha japonica Yokoya, 1933] is removed from the synonymy of Pleistacantha Miers, 1879 [type species: Pleistacantha sanctijohannis Miers, 1879], and recognised as a valid genus. Parapleisticantha differs from Pleistacantha sensu stricto primarily by having a less spiny carapace, stouter and more inflated male chelipeds, and by lacking a slender subdistal process on the male first gonopod. We redescribe Parapleisticantha japonica based on the Japanese type material and describe as new a second species, Parapleisticantha ludivinae n. sp., recently discovered in the Philippines.

AURORA 2007, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SANTO 2006

Eight species of deep-water porter crabs of the family Homolidae are recorded from Papua New Guinea from three MNHN-led cruises to these waters: Homola orientalis Henderson, 1888, Homola coriolisi Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995, Homolomannia sibogae Ihle, 1912, Homolomannia occlusa Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981, Paromolopsis boasi Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891, Lamoha woodmasoni n. sp., Ihlopsis multispinosa (Ihle, 1912) and Latreillopsis gracilipes Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981. Most are new records for the country, Lamoha woodmasoni n. sp. appears to be the Pacific sister species of the Indian Ocean L. longipes (Alcock & Anderson, 1899). The old records of the latter species from the Solomon Islands are now referred to the new species. The taxonomy of the other species is also discussed.

BIOPAPUA, KAVIENG 2014, MADEEP

A new species of spider crab of the genus Leptomithrax Miers, 1876, is described from New Caledonia. Leptomithrax lowryi sp. nov. belongs to a group species that includes L. bifidus (Ortmann, 1893) and L. sinensis Rathbun, 1916, but differs in the structure of the carapace spines and teeth, ischium of the third maxilliped, male thoracic sternal structure, shape of the male telson and the first gonopod.

BATHUS 2, SPANBIOS

Four species of Seiitaoides Griffin & Tranter, 1986 (Majoidea: Majidae) are now known from the Indo-West Pacific. A fifth species, Seiitaoides sandyi n. sp., is described here from deeper waters in New Caledonia. This tiny species is most similar to S. orientalis (Sakai, 1961) from the western Pacific, but differs markedly by the shape and armature of the supraorbital eave, carapace regions and plates, as well as structure and proportions of the male thoracic sternum, ambulatory legs and male first gonopod.

SPANBIOS

We present an updated classification for the entire Crustacea Decapoda, listing all known families and genera organized by higher taxonomic groups and including estimates of the number of species in every genus. All taxonomic names are also linked to the verified literature in which they were described, the first compilation of its kind for the Decapoda. To arrive at this compilation, we began with the classification scheme provided by Martin & Davis (2001) for extant families,, updated the higher classification and included the fossil taxa. The resultant framework was then populated with the currently valid genera and an estimate of species numbers within each genus. Our resulting classification, spanning both extant (living) and fossil taxa, is the first comprehensive estimate of taxonomic diversity within the entire Decapoda. The classification consists of 233 families of decapods containing 2,725 genera and an estimated 17,635 species (including both extant and fossil species). Of the families in our classification, 53 are exclusively fossil, 109 contain both fossil and extant species, and 71 are extant only. The current estimate for extant species is 14,756, whereas 2,979 species are known exclusively as fossils.

AURORA 2007, MAINBAZA

A new species of fiddler crab, Uca jocelynae sp. nov., belonging to the U. vocans complex, is described from the islands in Western Pacific on the basis of morphological and molecular data. The new species was previously identified with U. neocultrimana (Bott, 1973) (= U. vocans pacificensis Crane, 1975). The two species can be readily distinguished by characters of the male major chelae, carapace features, and the form of the vulvae. The molecular data of parts of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes support that both are sister taxa but nevertheless distinct enough to be regarded as separate species. Uca jocelynae is widely distributed from the islands in the Western Pacific, while U. neocultrimana occurs in Fiji and eastwards.

PANGLAO 2004, SANTO 2006

PAKAIHI I TE MOANA

Dredging in French Polynesia at depths of 101 and 140 m has resulted in the capture of 2 specimens of Oreotlos belonging to two new species, O. Encymus and O. potanus, which are described in this paper.

SMCB

CORAIL 2, LAGON, MUSORSTOM 3

CORAIL 2, LAGON

Pea crabs of the superfamily Pinnotheroidea De Haan, 1833 are known for their obligate commensal relationships with other marine invertebrates. The concomitant specialisations and adaptations of pinnotheroids have resulted in superficially similar body forms that include a high degree of structural reduction. This has confounded interpretation of their phylogenetic position in the Brachyura and interrelationships within Pinnotheroidea, though all were nevertheless believed to be united by a monophyletic origin of obligate commensalism. The family Aphanodactylidae Ahyong & Ng, 2009 was proposed for a group of genera associated with tube-dwelling polychaetes formerly classified in Pinnotheridae, and provisionally retained in the Pinnotheroidea. We investigated the phylogenetic position of Aphanodactylidae using molecular data from three markers (mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNAs, and nuclear histone H3) covering five of the 12 described aphanodactylid species and a total of 15 thoracotreme families. We found Aphanodactylidae to be monophyletic, but widely distant from Pinnotheridae and instead most closely related to Macrophthalmidae (Ocypodoidea) and Varunidae (Grapsoidea). Therefore, the family Aphanodactylidae is corroborated, but its placement in Pinnotheroidea is rejected. Instead, the phylogenetic position of Aphanodactylidae, as clearly distant from other pinnotheroids, demonstrates that obligate commensalism has evolved independently multiple times within Thoracotremata.

PAPUA NIUGINI