Two species of the pagurid hermit crab genus Lophopagurus McLaughlin, 1981 are reported herein. Lophopagurus (Lophopagurus) minimus n. sp., described on the basis of two females from Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia, appears closest to L. (L.) nanus (Henderson, 1888), but is easily distinguished from the latter by the different shape of the ocular peduncles and the less developed armature of the right cheliped. A single female from the Bohol Sea, the Philippines, is identified with L. (Australeremus) indonesiensis McLaughlin, 1997, a species for which possible synonymy with L. (A.) triserratus has been suggested. The newly collected specimen confirms the validity of the species and represents its second record since the original description.

PANGLAO 2004

PANGLAO 2004

Three new species of the pagurid hermit crab genus Catapagurus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 are described and illustrated on the basis of material from the Bohol Sea, Philippines, collected by the PANGLAO 2004 Marine Biodiversity Project. Catapagurus exilidigitus, new species, appears closest to C. tanimbarensis McLaughlin, 1997 within the C. misakiensis Terao, 1914 species group, but it is readily distinguished from the latter by the wide U-shaped median cleft of the telson. Catapagurus fimbriatus, new species, is notable in having a characteristic fringe of setae on the mesial surfaces of the ambulatory dactyli and propodi of the pereopods 3. Catapagurus latus, new species, appears closest to C. haigae (Asakura, 2001) in the general shape and armature of the ambulatory dactyli within the C. ensifer Henderson, 1888 species group, but might be unique within the group in having a setal cluster on the distoventral portion of each ambulatory propodus. The number of species of Catapagurus known from the Philippines increases to seven.

PANGLAO 2004

For 130 years the diogenid genus Paguropsis Henderson, 1888 was considered monotypic for an unusual species, P. typica Henderson, 1888, described from the Philippines and seldom reported since. Although scantly studied, this species is known to live in striking symbiosis with a colonial sea anemone that the hermit can stretch back and forth like a blanket over its cephalic shield and part of cephalothoracic appendages, and thus the common name “blanket-crab”. During a study of paguroid collections obtained during recent French-sponsored biodiversity campaigns in the Indo-West Pacific, numerous specimens assignable to Paguropsis were encountered. Analysis and comparison with types and other historical specimens deposited in various museums revealed the existence of five undescribed species. Discovery of these new species, together with the observation of anatomical characters previously undocumented or poorly described, including coloration, required a revision of the genus Paguropsis. The name Chlaenopagurus andersoni Alcock & McArdle, 1901, considered by Alcock (1905) a junior synonym of P. typica, proved to be a valid species and is resurrected as P. andersoni (Alcock, 1899). In two of the new species, the shape of the gills, length/width of exopod of maxilliped 3, width and shape of sternite XI (of pereopods 3), and armature of the dactyls and fixed fingers of the chelate pereopods 4, were found to be characters so markedly different from P. typica and other species discovered that a new genus for them, Paguropsina gen. n., is justified. As result, the genus Paguropsis is found to contain five species: P. typica, P. andersoni, P. confusa sp. n., P. gigas sp. n., and P. lacinia sp. n. Herein, Paguropsina gen. n., is proposed and diagnosed for two new species, P. pistillata gen. et sp. n., and P. inermis gen. et sp. n.; Paguropsis is redefined, P. typica and its previously believed junior synonym, P. andersoni, are redescribed. All species are illustrated, and color photographs provided. Also included are a summary of the biogeography of the two genera and all species; remarks on the significance of the unusual morphology; and remarks on knowledge of the symbiotic anemones used by the species. To complement the morphological descriptions and assist in future population and phylogenetic investigations, molecular data for mitochondrial COI barcode region and partial sequences of 12S and 16S rRNA are reported. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis using molecular data distinctly shows support for the separation of the species into two clades, one with all five species of Paguropsis, and another with the two species Paguropsina gen. n.

BATHUS 3, BIOPAPUA, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, CORINDON 2, Restreint, Restreint, EBISCO, KARUBAR, LIFOU 2000, LITHIST, LUMIWAN 2008, MADEEP, MAINBAZA, MIRIKY, MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 5, MUSORSTOM 6, NORFOLK 1, NORFOLK 2, NanHai 2014, PANGLAO 2004, PANGLAO 2005, SALOMON 1, SALOMON 2, ZhongSha 2015

The identity of the tree-spider crab, Parasesarma leptosoma (Hilgendorf, 1869) (family Sesarmidae), which is believed to be widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, is reassessed and shown to be a species-complex with nine species, seven of which are here described as new. Parasesarma leptosoma sensu stricto is now restricted to South and East Africa; and P. limbense (Rathbun, 1914) from Sulawesi, which had been regarded as a junior synonym, is here recognized as a valid species. The following species are described as new: P. gecko n. sp. from Vanuatu, Fiji, Guam and Japan; P. macaco n. sp. from Taiwan and the Philippines; P. kui n. sp. from Taiwan; P. parvulum n. sp. from the Philippines; P. gracilipes n. sp. from Indonesian Papua; P. purpureum n. sp. from Malaysia; and P. tarantula n. sp. from Sulawesi, Indonesia. The nine species of the Parasesarma leptosoma species-complex can be separated by the different shapes of their carapaces, the form of the dactylar tubercles on the male chelipeds, proportions of their ambulatory legs and the structure of the male first gonopod.

SANTO 2006

A new genus, Pteropagurus, is proposed for two new species of hermit crabs that are described and illustrated herein. These species, Pteropagurus inermis n. sp. and P. spina n. sp. are unique in that their shelter of choice is empty pteropod mollusk shells. The taxon can be categorized as a deep-waters genus, with a bathymetric range of 285 to 700 meters. Although both species are presently known only from New Caledonia, it is quite possible that their occurrence in other areas has been overlooked because their unique habitat has been neither expected nor heretofore considered a resource for hermit crabs.

BIOCAL, MUSORSTOM 5

PANGLAO 2004

SANTO 2006

Additional materials of two species of the recently described pagurid genus Pteropagurus McLaughlin & Rahayu, 2006 have required an emendation of the genus. These have also provided the information needed to supplement the original species descriptions, including the unusual morphology of the male of P. spina McLaughlin & Rahayu, 2006 and the sexual dimorphism and variability found in P. spinulocarpus McLaughlin, 2007. Brief data on the larval development in Pteropagurus have been gleaned from zoeae prematurely hatched from one female of P. spinulocarpus. What heretofore had been considered a unique habitat for species of this genus, i.e. empty shells of a pelagic pteropod, was found to also provide carcinoecia for Catapagurus spinicarpus de Saint Laurent & McLaughlin, 2000, a species previously known only from its female holotype collected in the Kermadec Islands of New Zealand. Th e male of this species is described and species’ variability and dimorphic attributes are assessed. Consideration is given to the question of habitat choice and the morphological adaptations required for use of the unusual carcinoecia.

BIOCAL, EBISCO, MUSORSTOM 4, MUSORSTOM 5

The family Acidopsidae Števčić, 2005, is revised; and two subfamilies are recognised. The Acidopsinae Števčić, 2005, is characterised by the coxal male opening, a quadrate basal antennal article and vulvae arranged near the median longitudinal thoracic sternal groove. Three genera are included in the Acidopsinae: Acidops Stimpson, 1871 (with two species), Parapilumnus Kossmann, 1877 (with two species) and Crinitocinus gen. Nov. (monotypic for Pilumnus alcocki Borradaile, 1902). The Raouliinae Števčić, 2005 (= Typhlocarcinodidae Števčić, 2005; Caecopilumnidae Števčić, 2011), is characterised by its coxo-sternal male opening, a short basal antennal article which is distinctly wider than long and vulvae arranged submedially on thoracic sternite 6. Four genera are included in the Raouliinae: Raoulia Ng, 1987 (with five species, three of which are described as new), Caecopilumnus Borradaile, 1902 (with three species of which one is described as new), Typhlocarcinodes Alcock, 1900 (monotypic) and Thecaplax gen. Nov. (for one new species).

PANGLAO 2004, PAPUA NIUGINI, SANTO 2006

PAPUA NIUGINI

Seven species of Paguristes were collected in Indonesian waters during the expeditions of the Siboga (1899), the Danish Expedition to the Kei Island (1922), Th. Mortensen’s Expeditions (1899-1930), CORINDON (1980), Snellius II (1984) and KARUBAR (1991). Three species: P. arostratus, P. brachyrostris and P. antennarius were new to science. Three of four described species were previously unrecorded from Indonesia: P. palythophilus Ortmann, 1892, known only from the northwestern Pacific, was found to be common in Indonesian waters; P. aciculus Grant, 1905, previously known from Australia, was represented by two males and one intact female specimens, therefore female morphological characters could be completed; and P. pusillus Henderson, 1896 was found in deeper waters than previously reported. The fourth species was P. puniceus Henderson, 1896.

CORINDON 2, KARUBAR, Restreint

A small collection of Paguristes Dana, 1851 s.l. from the western Indian Ocean in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, contains five species of Paguristes s.s., two of Stratiotes Thomson, 1899, and two of Pseudopaguristes McLaughlin, 2002. Except for Paguristes lauriei McLaughlin & Hogarth, 1998, and Stratiotes abbreviatus (Dechancé, 1963) n. comb., five other species, i.e. P. palythophilus Ortmann, 1892, P. puniceus Henderson, 1896, P. antennarius Rahayu, 2006, S. micheleae Rahayu, 2005 and Pseudopaguristes laurentae (Morgan & Forest, 1991) are new for the area, and two, Paguristes petalodactylus n. sp. and Pseudopaguristes araeos n. sp., are new to science. Paguristes petalodactylus n. sp. is characterized by the broad and flattened dactyls of the second and third pereopods and the form of the dactyls of the chelipeds, which are subrectangular and covered with small corneous-tipped spines on each mesial face. Pseudopaguristes araeos n. sp. is characterized by the presence of three irregular rows of spines on the mesial face of each dactyl of the chelipeds and the distal tapering of ocular peduncles.

BENTHEDI, MD32 (REUNION), Restreint

MUSORSTOM 1, MUSORSTOM 2, MUSORSTOM 3, PANGLAO 2004

A new species of marine hermit crabs, Dan/anus ho/thuisi sp. nov., is described from New Caledonia and Vanuatu. This is one of the few species of Dardanus that live at depths of more than 100 m. This new species resembles D. gemmatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) and D. impressus Haan, 1849), but is easily distinguished from those two species by larger spiniform tubercles on the chelipeds, longer and more slender dactyl of the second and third pereopods, shorter ocular peduncles, and red colour on the fixed finger and the dactyl chelipeds, and the dactyl of the second and third pereopods which persist for several years in fixative.

BATHUS 1, SANTO 2006

Two new species of the pagurid genus Pylopaguropsis Alcock, 1905 are described and illustrated from the Bohol Sea, the Philippines. Pylopaguropsis pygmaeus, new species, resembles P. keijii McLaughlin & Haig, 1989, P. lemaitrei Asakura & Pauly, 2003, P. lewinsohni McLaughlin & Haig, 1989 and P. zebra (Henderson, 1893) in sharing appreciably dissimilar third pereopods and relatively long ocular peduncles, but differs in having corneas not dilated, and fewer corneous spines on the ventral margins of the dactyls of the ambulatory legs. Pylopaguropsis similis, new species, differs from the closely related species P. bellula Osawa & Okuno, 2007, P. furusei Asakura, 2000, P. laevispinosa McLaughlin & Haig, 1989 and P. vicina Komai & Osawa, 2004, by the relatively long, acute spines on the right palm, the lack of additional dorsal spines or spinules on the carpi of the second pereopods and two rows (rather than one) of corneous scales on the propodal rasp of the fourth pereopod.

PANGLAO 2004

The hexapodid genera Hexapus De Haan, 1833, Hexapinus Manning & Holthuis, 1981, Latohexapus Huang, Hsueh & Ng, 2002, and Hexaplax Doflein, 1904, are revised and redescribed on the basis of their respective type species. Hexapus s. str. is redefined and a new species is described from Indonesia. Hexapinus is restricted for H. latipes (De Haan, 1835), H. edwardsi (Serène & Soh, 1976) and three new species from Indonesia, Philippines, China and Japan. A new genus, Mariaplax, is established for Lambdophallus anfractus Rathbun, 1909, Hexapus granuliferus Campbell & Stephenson, 1970, and 11 new species from the China, Japan, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, New Guinea and Australia. A new genus, Rayapinus, is recognised for an unusual new species from Japan. Two new species of Hexaplax from Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan, and Japan are described. A new genus, Theoxapus, is also established for the east Atlantic Hexapus buchanani Monod, 1956, which had previously been placed in Hexapinus. A revised key to the genera of Hexapodidae is presented.

AURORA 2007, BIOPAPUA, PANGLAO 2005, PAPUA NIUGINI