Participant card :
Last name : Monniot
First name : Claude
List of participations in accessible surveys [+] [-]
- BIOGEOCAL
- Leg 1 (07/04/1987 - 21/04/1987)
- Responsable des données biologiques (Systématique des ascidies, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle)
- Leg 2 (25/04/1987 - 06/05/1987)
- Responsable des données biologiques (Systématique des ascidies, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle)
- CALSUB
- Leg 1 (19/02/1989 - 28/02/1989)
- Collecte - Tri (Systématique des ascidies, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle)
- Leg 2 (03/03/1989 - 13/03/1989)
- Collecte - Tri (Systématique des ascidies, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle)
- SMIB 4
- Collecte - Tri (Systématique des ascidies, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle)
Bibliography (28) [+] [-]
Export the bibliographies
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Dettai A., Adamowizc S.J., Allcock L., Arango C.P., Barnes D.K., Barratt I., Chenuil A., Couloux A., Cruaud C., David B., Denis F., Denys G., Díaz A., Eléaume M., Féral J.P., Froger A., Gallut C., Grant R., Griffiths H.J., Held C., Hemery L.G., Hosie G., Kuklinski P., Lecointre G., Linse K., Lozouet P., Mah C., Monniot f., Norman M.D., O’hara T., Ozouf-costaz C., Piedallu C., Pierrat B., Poulin E., Puillandre N., Riddle M., Samadi S., Saucède T., Schubart C., Smith P.J., Stevens D.W., Steinke D., Strugnell J.M., Tarnowska K., Wadley V. & Ameziane N. 2011. DNA barcoding and molecular systematics of the benthic and demersal organisms of the CEAMARC survey. Polar Science 5(2): 298-312. DOI:10.1016/j.polar.2011.02.002
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-] -
Leclaire L. & Monniot C. 1980. Rapport sur la vingtième campagne du "Marion Dufresne" dans l'Océan indien : S.A.F.A.R.I. 20 août - 26 septembre 1979. Rapport de mission, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 29 pp.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-] -
Leclaire L. & Monniot C. 1981. SAFARI II. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 22 pp.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-] -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1984. Nouvelles Sorberacea (Tunicata) profondes de l'Atlantique sud et de l'Océan Indien. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 25(2): 197-215
Abstract [+] [-]Au cours de quatre campagnes océanographiques profondes, sept espèces de Sorberacea ont été récoltées. Trois espèces nouvelles sont décrites. Les Tuniciers carnivores ne sont plus une curiosité zoologique rare mais une classe représentée dans toutes les zones profondes des océans. L'augmentation du nombre de prélèvements a accru le nombre des espèces. La variabilité générique et spécifique révèle l'importance de cette direction évolutive des Tuniciers.
Accessible surveys cited (4) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. 1985. Capistrum sorberae ng, n. sp., Copépode parasite d'un Tunicier abyssal de la classe des Sorberacea. Crustaceana 48(1): 99–103
Abstract [+] [-]Capistrum sorberae n. g., n. sp., is the first endoparasitic copepod found inside a tunicate belonging to the class Sorberacea (abyssal tunicates). This genus is characterized by the absence of setae and digestive tract, and by the presence of small male individuals located around the genital pores of the female.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IU (Crustaceans) -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1985. Ascidies profondes au large de Mayotte (Archipel des Comores). Cahiers de Biologie Marine 26(1): 35-52
Abstract [+] [-]Au cours de la campagne océanographique BENTHEDI dans le Nord-Est du canal du Mozambique, 25 espèces de Tuniciers profonds ont été récoltées, quatre sont nouvelles. Les spécimens sont tous de très petite taille. Les Stolidobranches et les Sorberacea dominent. On remarque une fois encore la rareté des Ascidies coloniales. La faune profonde dans cette région comprend de nombreuses espèces communes avec l'Atlantique.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1985. Tuniciers profonds de l'océan Indien : campagnes SAFARI du « Marion Dufresne ». Bulletin de Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Series 4, Section A 7(2): 279-308
Accessible surveys cited (2) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. 1987. Ascidies de Nouvelle-Calédonie. II. Les genres Polycarpa et Polyandrocarpa. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 4° série, Section A 9(2): 275-310
Abstract [+] [-]Fifteen species, of which two are new, were collected in New Caledonia. The majority are also known from Australia and Indonesia. Only one species is considered as a component of the Southern temperate fauna. Ail the others have tropical affinities.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1989. Ascidies (MUSORSTOM 1 & 2), in Forest J.(Ed.), Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM 4. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 143:229-245, ISBN:2-85653-150-4
Abstract [+] [-]Among the samples collected during MUSORSTOM 1 and 2 between 70 and 400 metres near the Philippines Islands, six species of ascidians were identified. One is a new species, and three others were unknown in this area.
Accessible surveys cited (2) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1991. Découverte d'une nouvelle lignée évolutive chez les ascidies de grande profondeur : une Ascidiidae carnivore. Comptes Rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris 312(8): 383-388
Abstract [+] [-]Fimbrora calsubia genre et espèce nouveaux de la famille des Ascidiidae (Tunicata, Prochordata) a été récolté à une profondeur de 1865 m, à l'est de la Nouvelle-Calédonie par le submersible Cyana. Ces animaux, qui ont un siphon extrêmement développé, atteignent une taille de 30 cm. Ils ont dans leur manteau des vaisseaux sanguins muscularisés, caractère unique chez les tuniciers. Ils montrent des adaptations à un régime mixte microphage et macrophage, qui n'était connu que dans la famille des Octacnemidae. English : Fimbrora calsubia a new genus and species of the ascidian family Ascidiidae (Turnicata, Protochordata), has been collected from the deep water (1,865 m) easts of New Caledonica by the submersible Cyana. These animals, which have an extraordinary developed oral siphon, attain a lenght of 30 cm. They have muscular blood vessels in the body wall, which is unique among tunicates. They show adaptations for both microphagous and macrophagous feeding, a combination known until now only in the family Octacnemidae.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot C. & Monniot F. 1991. Tunicata : Peuplements d'ascidies profondes en Nouvelle-Caledonie diversite des strategies adaptatives, in Crosnier A.(Ed.), Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM 8. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 151:357-448, ISBN:2-85653-186-5
Abstract [+] [-]A survey of the bathyal and abyssal area around New Caledonia began in the South-West Pacific Ocean with some recent cruises of french research vessels. The ascidian fauna appears especially diverse, with 58 species of which 31 are new. The species described here belong to almost all genera known throughout the world showing deep-sea adaptations. The 5 main types of trophic adaptation defined for deep-sea tunicates are represented. Around New Caledonia the species having the most elaborate adaptations are more numerous than in the Antarctic, Atlantic or Indian Oceans. Some of the species may possibly be intermediates between shallow water and deep-sea genera. Some genera previously known by a small number of species are here very diverse, and provide the opportunity to discuss their affinities. This applies to the genera Pharyngodictyon (Aplousobranchia), Simla (Octacnemidae), Bathyoncus and Fungulus (Stolidobranchiata). A new interpretation of Corynascidia and Pterygascidia is proposed. With the discovery of 3 new species in New Caledonia, some evolutionary stages of the genus Molguloides (Molgulidae) may now be discussed in terms of branchial structure. A tabular key of the 13 species of this genus is presented. The bathymetric distribution is compared here and in other oceans. The species showing morphological adaptations to the deep-sea live at higher levels in the New Caledonia area than in other oceanic basins. However the presence of deep-sea forms in relatively high levels has been established in other tropical areas (Indonesia, Philippines, Comores). The higher temperature of the water at this depth in low latitudes may have less influence on the ascidian ecology than the seasonal variations occurring in temperate and cold areas at equivalent depths. The affinities of the New Caledonian deep-sea ascidians vary with the families and the kind of adaptations but they are most closely related to the antiboreal fauna of temperate and cold areas. There is no relationship with the shallow water fauna. For the Polyclinidae, with the greatest diversity, relations are established with New Zealand and the subantarctic areas. The deep-sea phlebobranchs are principally known from the southern hemisphere. New Caledonia has the largest number of Octacnemidae species wordwide. The Styelidae dominate in the deep Atlantic but are poorly represented here. The Pyuridae appear to have expanded from both Austral and Indomalayan areas. The majority of the deep-sea species of Molguloides live in the southern hemisphere and all the shallow-water species are Austral ; the genus is particularly diverse around New Caledonia.
Accessible surveys cited (9) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2021. New records of deep-sea ascidians (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) from the New Caledonia region. Zootaxa 4996(3): 443-468. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4996.3.2
Abstract [+] [-]The deep marine bottoms around New Caledonia have been explored for forty years. The Kanacono (2016) and Kanadeep (2019) campaigns organized jointly by the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN) and the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) are the complement of this investigation. They are a part of the program “La Planète Revisitée” in New Caledonia. Among the deep sea benthos twenty two ascidian species were collected and three represent new species showing the characteristic adaptations to an abyssal life. The high diversity of the tropical deep sea benthos is enhanced by these new results. No relations are found between littoral ascidians and forms living in the bathyal or abyssal areas.
Accessible surveys cited (2) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F., Martoja R. & Truchet M. 1990. Influence de l'environnement géochimique sur la bioaccumulation de métaux par des ascidies abyssales (Prochordés, Tuniciers). Comptes Rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris 310: 583-589
Abstract [+] [-]Impact of geochemical environment on metal bioaccumulation in deep-sea ascidians (Protochordates, Tunicates). The amount of Al, V, Mn, Ni and Cu in blood cells of the deep-sea ascidians genus Culeolus, performed by microanalysis, varies according to the geochemistry of the site and the taxonomic position. In Atlantic and Pacific ascidians inhabiting abyssal plains, the cells do not exhibit peculiar accumulations. They store Mn, Ni and Cu in the polymetallic nodule fields of Indian Ocean, Al in the East Pacific hydrothermal station. On the other hand, V storage should depend on individual or taxonomic peculiarities. In the absence of endocytosis, the Culeolus species constitute biological indicators of elements available in a dissolved state or incorporated in food.
Accessible surveys cited (3) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & Monniot C. 1990. Revision of the class Sorberacea (benthic tunicates) with descriptions of seven new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 99: 239-290
Accessible surveys cited (15) [+] [-]Restricted, Restricted, Restricted, BENTHEDI, Restricted, BIOCAL, Restricted, BIOGEOCAL, Restricted, MD20 (SAFARI), MD42 (SIBEX), MUSORSTOM 5, Restricted, Restricted, Restricted
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & Monniot C. 2000. Ascidiacea: Plurellidae collected in the Pacific Ocean by the cruises MUSORTOM, KARUBAR and the "Coral Reef Research foundation", in Crosnier A.(Ed.), Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM 21. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 184:703-721, ISBN:2-85653-526-7
Abstract [+] [-]Collectings by deep SCUBA dives have brought up 4 new species of Plurellidae, a family known by 2 Plurella species and one Microeastra. A new genus Plurascidia is also described, intermediate between the Plurellidae and the Ascidiidae families. All these new species are compared to the 3 Plurellidae already known and to a strange deep Ascidiidae, Fimbrora calsubia.
Accessible surveys cited (2) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & Monniot C. 2001. Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema 23(2): 201-383
Abstract [+] [-]A large collection of 187 identified ascidian species is added to the records published in 1996 from the same tropical western Pacific islands. Most of the specimens were collected by the US Coral Reef Research Foundation (CRRF). They come from depths accessible by SCUBA diving. Most of the collection’s species are described and figured, their color in life is illustrated by 112 underwater photographs; among them 48 are new species representing a fourth of the material collected. This demonstrates how incomplete the knowledge of the ascidian diversity in this part of the world remains. Moreover, very small or inconspicuous species were seldom collected, as compared to the highly coloured and large forms. Many other immature specimens were also collected but their precise identification was not possible. Almost all littoral families are represented with the exception of the Molgulidae which are more characteristic of soft sediments, a biotope which was not investigated. Among the very diversified genera, the colonial forms largely dominate, including not only all the Aplousobranchia genera but also some Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Very often only one specimen was available, so a detailed biogeographical distribution cannot be given, and no island endemism can be defined
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & Monniot C. 2003. Ascidies de la pente externe et bathyales de l’ouest Pacifique. Zoosystema 25(4): 681-749
Abstract [+] [-]The specimens collected during several recent oceanographic cruises in the tropical western Pacific, sponsored jointly by the MNHN and the IRD, consist of 53 ascidian species, and among them 16 new species. For others, the geographic distribution is increased in the western Pacific. The remarkably high diversity of these organisms between 50 and 1000 m in this part of the world is demonstrated. In all oceans at these depths the ascidian fauna is dominated by solitary organisms, whereas along the littoral fringe the majority of ascidian species are colonial. This systematic pattern is likely to be influenced by substrate: hard nearshore and soft offshore. In this study, among the new species, the solitary ascidians largely dominate, especially well represented by stolidobranchs with eight Styelidae of four genera, four Pyuridae with also four genera, and one Molgulidae. However the originality of this deep fauna is enhanced by the presence, in the typical Octacnemidae family, of a new genus Myopegma n. gen. with a very small species M. melanesium n. gen., n. sp. which has a very peculiar musculature justifying a new taxon.
Accessible surveys cited (12) [+] [-]BATHUS 2, BIOCAL, BORDAU 1, BORDAU 2, KARUBAR, LIFOU 2000, MUSORSTOM 10, MUSORSTOM 3, MUSORSTOM 8, MUSORSTOM 9, NORFOLK 1, SALOMON 1
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & Monniot C. 2006. A deep water Ascidia (Ascidiidae, Tunicata) from the tropical western Pacific. Zootaxa 1168: 43-49
Abstract [+] [-]A single, solitary, free living ascidian, Ascidia alisea sp. nov., collected from a sandy substrate on the Austral Ridge ( Polynesia) between 120 and 203 meters depth, is ovoid with a layer of sandy debris adhering to the tunic and has distinctive body muscles and neural area and an unusual course of its vas deferens.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2007. Some comments on the Ascidians of the New Caledonia, Compendium of marine species from New Caledonia : second edition II7. Compendium of marine species from New Caledonia : second edition:349-356
Accessible surveys cited (10) [+] [-]
Associated program: Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos (ex MUSORSTOM)
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2012. Some ascidians from the southern coast of Madagascar collected during the “AtimoVatae” survey. Zootaxa 3197: 1-42
Abstract [+] [-]Surveys of littoral invertebrates along the southern coast of Madagascar have produced the first study of ascidians in this part of the Indian Ocean. Collections were made by SCUBA divers in May and June 2010 down to 25m depth. This region is considered the southern limit for coral reefs but remains diverse biologically. Upwellings and an abundant plankton community particularly favour the abundance of ascidians in this area. Of the 39 species of non-didemnid species described here, eight are new. Ten species are common to South Africa. Other species were for the most part already known from the Mozambique Channel and a few have also been recorded in the western Pacific (either cosmopolitan or introduced).
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2016. Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition. Zootaxa 4114(3): 201. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1
Abstract [+] [-]Ascidians were collected along the shore of Iles du Salut and deeper on the slope in a program of evaluation of the biodiversity in Guiana. Most of the samples belong to already known species from the Caribbean area and Brazilian coast. The colonial forms dominate. The 6 new species have been dredged deeper than 50m but not found by SCUBA divers. In spite of an intensive sampling, the ascidian diversity in Guiana is low with 36 species recorded. This is the result of the abundance of sediment suspended in the water and uniformly deposited on all substrates which affects filtration rate and limits the settling of the ascidian larvae.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. & López-legentil S. 2017. Deep-sea ascidians from Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4276(4): 529. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.5
Abstract [+] [-]Four deep-sea ascidian species collected during the KAVIENG 2014 expedition in Papua New Guinea are described, including additional characteristics not reported previously. Fimbrora calsubia is classified within the family Ascidiidae, Dicopia fimbriata and Octacnemus bythius within Octacnemidae, and Culeolus recumbens within Pyuridae. Anatomical observations confirmed previous descriptions for these four species collected elsewhere. Here, we describe additional morphological features for these species and provide the first barcode DNA sequences (based on a fragment of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I) for D. fimbriata and C. recumbens.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2018. Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique 3. Stolidobranchia, Pyuridae and Molgulidae. Zootaxa 4459(3): 401-430. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4459.3.1
Abstract [+] [-]An inventory of the marine benthic fauna around Martinique was the aim of the European Madibenthos expedition 2016. Among a large number of invertebrates abundant ascidians were collected: the phlebobranchs and Styelidae among the stolidobranch were already studied and the results published (Monniot 2018a and b). A third group, belonging to the Pyuridae and Molgulidae (Stolidobranchia) is studied here; it includes 13 species, three of them recorded for the second time. Each of them is described and figured and the geographic distribution is given.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2018. Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 1—Phlebobranchia. Zootaxa 4387(3): 451-472. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.3
Abstract [+] [-]The aim of the Madibenthos 2016 expedition was to establish an inventory of the benthic marine fauna around Martinique. All kinds of biota were collected with different devices down to 40m depth. Among a large amount of invertebrates the ascidians were varied and abundant. Their study will be made in several steps. The first group studied concerns the Order Phlebobranchia represented here by species already described from the Caribbean area; one of them was collected for only the second time. The variability of internal characters which are ordinarily considered as generic or specific is discussed here for the genera Ascidia and Phallusia
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot F. 2018. Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 2. Stolidobranchia, Styelidae. Zootaxa 4410(2): 291. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.3
Abstract [+] [-]An inventory of the marine benthic fauna around Martinique was the aim of the European Madibenthos expedition 2016. Among a large number of invertebrates abundant ascidians were collected: the phlebobranchs were already studied and the results published (Monniot 2018). A second group, belonging to the Styelidae (Stolidobranchia), includes 17 species of which one is new and new records for two other species. Each of them is described and the geographic distribution given.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Monniot c. 1993. Tunicata : Sur trois espèces d’ascidies bathyales récoltées au cours de la campagne franco-indonésienne KARUBAR, Résultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM 11. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturell 158. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris:355-359, ISBN:2-85653-208-X
Abstract [+] [-]Two species of bathyal ascidians were found for the first time in Indonesian waters : Fimbrora calsubia, Monniot & Monniot, 1991, previously known from New Caledonia and Styela squamosa Herdman, 1881, distributed on the continental slopes of the american pacific and circumantarctic areas. Culeolus herdmani Sluiter, 1904, originally described from Indonesian waters, was found again, at a depth of 230 m.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]
Associated collection codes: IT (Tunicates/ascidians) -
Roux M., Bouchet P., Bourseau J.P., Gaillard C., Grandperrin R., Guille A., Laurin B., Monniot C., Richer de forges B., Rio M., Segonzac M., Vacelet J. & Zibrowius H. 1991. L'environnement bathyal au large de la Nouvelle-Calédonie: résultats préliminaires de la campagne CALSUB et conséquences paléoécologiques. Bulletin, Société Géologique de France 162(4): 675–685
Abstract [+] [-]During the CALSUB cruise, bathyal environments were explored off the New Caledonia corallian platfdrms (southwestern Pacific). Green algae were observed down to a depth of 1 IO m, and red algae down to 145 m. Algal blocks, pebbles and sands contribute to sedimentation to a depth of 400 m and beyond, and are mixed with autochthonous fossils and bioclasts produced by bathyal benthos. Epibathyal fauna suggests similarities with Jurassic and Cretaceous fauna of Tethyan margins (Nautilus, pleurotomarian gastropods, sponges, brachiopods and crinoids…). Richness and abundance of the benthos are the highest in areas where currents are frequent between 300 m and 700 m (sometimes 10 to 20 terebratulid brachiopods per m2 or dense populations of echinoderms entirely covering the substrate). Such currents induce erosion of' substrate or bioclastic accumulations. Biocorrosion seems to be very active in erosion processes, especially on hard grounds. Burrows and traces show the importance of sediment bioturbation on slopes. The occurrence on bathyal slope of some taphonomic processes previously known from geological series and generally considered as closely related lo shallow-water environments should be emphasized.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-] -
Roux M., Bouchet P., Bourseau J.P., Gaillard C., Grandperrin R., Guille A., Laurin B., Monniot C., Richer de forges B., Rio M., Segonzac M., Vacelet J. & Zibrowius H. 1991. L'ETAGEMENT DU BENTHOS BATHYAL OBSERVE A L'AIDE DE LA SOUCOUPE CYANA, L'environnement carbonaté bathyal en Nouvelle-Calédonie (Programme Envimarges). 15. Lambert B. & Roux M. (eds):151-165
Abstract [+] [-]L'exploration de la faune profonde de NouvelleCalédonie a débuté par des campagnes d'essai de 1977 à 1979 sur des fonds de 200 m à 1000 m au large de la Grande Terre, de l'île des Pins et des îles Loyauté (Intès, 1978). A partir de 1985, elle s'est élargie et intensifiée avec les campagnes MUSORSTOM 4 à 6 et CHALCAL (Richer de Forges, 1990), BIOCAL, BIOGEOCAL et SMIB, complétées par des observations directes à l'aide de la soucoupe plongeante Cyana lors de la campagne CALSUB. Nous ne donnerons ici que les grands traits de l'étagement de la macrofaune et de la mégafaune benthique en insistant sur les observations directes insitu lors de la campagne CALSUB et sur la liaison avec les caractères du milieu.
Accessible surveys cited (1) [+] [-]